This article analyzes and discusses a multi-objective optimization-based layer-by-layer blade-coating approach, which provides a new technology choice for large-scale manufacturing of organic solar cells.

HOCO-R-NH3 +I monolayer working as an anchor for perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3 (abbreviation: PEROVI3)) was inserted between the surface of porous metal oxide (titania or alumina) and the PEROVI3. Power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PEROVI3 solar cells increased from 8% to 10% after the HOCO-R-NH3 +I– monolayer was inserted. Moreover, PCE of 12% was achieved for cells fabricated at optimized conditions. This increase in the efficiency was explained by retardation of charge recombination, and better PEROVI3 crystal growth, which improves PEROVI3 network on these porous metal oxides. It was proved that PEROVI3 crystal growth can be controlled by HOCO-R-NH3 +I– on these porous metal oxides.

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Artificial photosynthesis, light-driving CO2 conversion into hydrocarbon fuels, is a promising strategy to synchronously overcome global warming and energy-supply issues. The quaternary AgInP2S6 atomic layer with the thickness of ~ 0.70 nm were successfully synthesized through facile ultrasonic exfoliation of the corresponding bulk crystal. The sulfur defect engineering on this atomic layer through a H2O2 etching treatment can excitingly change the CO2 photoreduction reaction pathway to steer dominant generation of ethene with the yield-based selectivity reaching ~73% and the electron-based selectivity as high as ~89%. Both DFT calculation and in-situ FTIR spectra demonstrate that as the introduction of S vacancies in AgInP2S6 causes the charge accumulation on the Ag atoms near the S vacancies, the exposed Ag sites can thus effectively capture the forming *CO molecules. It makes the catalyst surface enrich with key reaction intermediates to lower the C-C binding coupling barrier, which facilitates the production of ethene.

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