No abstract

Mounting evidence suggests that response inhibition involves both proactive and reactive inhibitory control, yet its underlying neural mechanisms remain elusive. In particular, the roles of the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and inferior parietal lobe (IPL) in proactive and reactive inhibitory control are still under debate. This study aimed at examining the causal role of the right IFG and IPL in proactive and reactive inhibitory control, using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and the stop signal task. Twenty-two participants completed three sessions of the stop signal task, under anodal tDCS in the right IFG, the right IPL, or the primary visual cortex (VC; 1.5 mA for 15 min), respectively. The VC stimulation served as the active control condition. The tDCS effect for each condition was calculated as the difference between pre- and post-tDCS performance. Proactive control was indexed by the RT increase for go trials (or preparatory cost), and reactive control by the stop signal RT. Compared to the VC stimulation, anodal stimulation of the right IFG, but not that of the IPL, facilitated both proactive and reactive control. However, the facilitation of reactive control was not mediated by the facilitation of proactive control. Furthermore, tDCS did not affect the intraindividual variability in go RT. These results suggest a causal role of the right IFG, but not the right IPL, in both reactive and proactive inhibitory control.

When generating a true orthophoto from aerial urban scenes, especially those containing man‐made features with large height differences, sawtooth effects in feature edges can occur in the rectified images. Aiming to eliminate such effects, this study proposes an advanced orthorectification method using line segment matches, allowing 3D building edges to be accurately reconstructed. The corresponding 2D line segments are first extracted and matched, enabling the reconstruction of 3D line segments by joining two planes and imposing a line end‐point constraint. The 3D line segments are then dissected into discrete 3D points to be incorporated into the 3D point cloud obtained by a dense matching algorithm. Finally, a more complete and accurate triangulated irregular network (TIN) model can be constructed to provide important basic data for true orthophoto production. Experimental results show that sawtooth effects can be eliminated, resulting in significantly improved quality in the true orthophotograph.