Ikan patin merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan yang ditetapkan oleh Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan (KKP) dalam program percepatan industrialisasi perikanan budi daya. KKP terus melakukan pemantauan dan mendorong produksi patin nasional dengan mendirikan sentra patin di beberapa provinsi, salah satunya Provinsi Jambi. Mengingat adanya potensi pengembangan budi daya patin yang besar, sejak 2017 Provinsi Jambi dicanangkan menjadi sentra ikan nasional, tetapi hingga saat ini belum terealisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran terkini kondisi perikanan patin di Provinsi Jambi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari hingga Agustus 2019 menggunakan metode deskriptif, dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Proses pengambilan data dilakukan dengan observasi dan wawancara terhadap key informan. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah pelaku usaha yang ditentukan dengan Metode Slovin, responden konsumen serta pembuat kebijakan yang ditentukan dengan purposive sampling. Kondisi industri budi daya terkini menunjukkan bahwa pembudi daya mengalami beberapa permasalahan, diantaranya: keterbatasan modal, serangan penyakit, sulitnya memperoleh bahan baku pembuatan pakan mandiri serta masalah utama terbatasnya akses pemasaran, sedangkan pada industri pengolahan terlihat banyaknya jumlah unit pengolahan yang tidak beroperasional baik skala UMKM maupun skala besar seperti UPI fillet patin, serta permasalahan umum terbatasnya akses pemasaran. Berdasarkan permasalahan di atas, penunjukan Provinsi Jambi sebagai sentra patin nasional belum berhasil, maka rekomendasi yang dapat diusulkan, yaitu menjadikan program sentra patin nasional sebagai salah satu agenda di RPJMD atau Renstra DKP Provinsi Jambi, pemerintah merevitalisasi kembali unit pengolahan fillet patin, membuka jaringan pemasaran yang lebih luas, menyediakan penampung tetap hasil panen, serta perlu adanya penyediaan informasi penyedia bahan baku untuk pembuatan pakan mandiri.Title: Characterization of Patin Business Actors to support Jambi as the National Patin CenterPangasius has become one of the largest commodities in the acceleration program of aquaculture industry of the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF). In order to constantly monitor and encourage the production of national pangasius, MMAF has established pangasius centers in several provinces, one of them is located in Jambi Province. Considering the large potential for developing pangasius aquaculture, since 2017 Jambi was proclaimed as a national fish center, but it has not been realized. The research aimed to describe a current picture of the condition of pangasius fisheries in Jambi Province. The research was conducted from February to August 2019 by using descriptive method with case study approach. Data were collected by observation and depth interview to key informan. Respondents of the research were businessmen were determined by Slovin Method, consumers, and policy makers were determined by purposive sampling. The aquaculture industry exhibits several problems including: limited business capital, disease attack, difficult obtain of raw materials for independent feed, as well as the main problem in limited access of its marketing, meanwhile In processing industry, there are a large number of idle processing units, both small scale processing units and large-scale processing units such as Fish Processing Unit (UPI) of Pangasius Fillet and common problems in marketing access. Based on above issues, the appointment of Jambi Province as a national pangasius center has not been successful. Therefore, it is recommended to enclose the national pangasius center program in the Regional Mid-Term Development Plan (RPJMD) or marine and fisheries strategic plan of Jambi Province, to revive the catfish fillet processing unit, to expand the wide-ranging access of marketing, to facilitate the harvested catfish in permanent container, and to provide information of raw material supplier for independent food production.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor internal dan eksternal yang mempengaruhi pengembangan industri patin dan menentukan strategi prioritas untuk pengembangan industri patin diProvinsi Jambi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Bulan November 2018 hingga April 2019 bertempat di Provinsi Jambi (studi kasus di Kabupaten Muaro Jambi), dilakukan dengan metode SWOT (Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities and Threats) dan AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process). Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi survei, observasi dan wawancara. Cakupan dalam penelitian ini mulai dari sektor budi daya, sektor pengolahan hingga pemasaran. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah pelaku usaha, pembuat kebijakan (pemerintah daerah dan pusat), serta pakar (akademisi dan peneliti). Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa faktor internal dan eksternal yang mempengaruhi pengembangan industri patin pada aspek budi daya diantaranya status kepemilikan lahan, ketersediaan modal, tersedianya tenaga penyuluh perikanan, tingginya minat usaha, akses pemasaran, dukungan dan kebijakan dari pemerintah, dan kontinuitas bahan baku pakan. Pada aspek pengolahan, faktor yang mempengaruhi diantaranya lokasi unit pengolahan, ketersediaan bahan baku, tenaga kerja, akses pemasaran, dukungan pemerintah, serta persaingan. Analisis SWOT menghasilkan 8 alternatif strategi untuk budi daya dan 6 alternatif strategi di sektor pengolahan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis AHP, prioritas utama dalam pengembangan patin di Provinsi Jambi adalah meningkatkan pendampingan dan pembinaan kepada pembudi daya (sektor budi daya) dan mengembangkan usaha, diversifikasi dan inovasi produk (sektor pengolahan).Title: Strategies for Pangasius Industry Development in Jambi ProvinceThe aims of this research were to identify internal and external factors and to formulate the alternative strategies in developing the pangasius industry, in Jambi Province. This research was held in November 2018 until April 2019 in Jambi Province (case study in Muaro Jambi district), applied SWOT (Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities and Threats) and AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) methods, while the data were obtained through survey, observation and interviews, covering aquaculture, processing and marketing sectors. Respondents in this research were businessmen, policy makers (local and centralgovernments), and experts (academics and researchers). The results indicate that internal and external factors that influence the development of the pangasius industry in the aquaculture were land ownership,capital availability, availability of fisheries extension workers, high business interest, marketing access, support and policy from the government, and continuity of feed raw materials. Whereas in the processing include the location of processing units, the availability of raw materials, labor, marketing access, government support, and competition. SWOT analysis resulted in 8 alternative strategies for the aquaculture sector and 6 alternative strategies for processing sector. Based on AHP analysis, the main priorities for the development of pangasius industry in Jambi Province were to strengthen assistance and guidance for farmers (aquaculture sector) and business development, diversification and product innovation (processing sector).
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