Children with ASD had lower gross motor skills compared to typically developing children. Gross motor impairments were found in 20% of the ASD children, and these children also had lower socialization skills than those without gross motor impairments.

Introduction Children infected with COVID-19 are susceptible to severe manifestations. We aimed to develop and validate a predictive model for severe/ critical pediatric COVID-19 infection utilizing routinely available hospital level data to ascertain the likelihood of developing severe manifestations. Methods The predictive model was based on an analysis of registry data from COVID-19 positive patients admitted to five tertiary pediatric hospitals across Asia [Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia (two centers) and Pakistan]. Independent predictors of severe/critical COVID-19 infection were determined using multivariable logistic regression. A training cohort (n = 802, 70%) was used to develop the prediction model which was then validated in a test cohort (n = 345, 30%). The discriminative ability and performance of this model was assessed by calculating the Area Under the Curve (AUC) and 95% confidence interval (CI) from final Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve (ROC). Results A total of 1147 patients were included in this analysis. In the multivariable model, infant age group, presence of comorbidities, fever, vomiting, seizures and higher absolute neutrophil count were associated with an increased risk of developing severe/critical COVID-19 infection. The presence of coryza at presentation, higher hemoglobin and platelet count were associated with a decreased risk of severe/critical COVID-19 infection. The AUC (95%CI) generated for this model from the training and validation cohort were 0.96 (0.94, 0.98) and 0.92 (0.86, 0.97), respectively. Conclusion This predictive model using clinical history and commonly used laboratory values was valuable in estimating the risk of developing a severe/critical COVID-19 infection in hospitalized children. Further validation is needed to provide more insights into its utility in clinical practice.

Latar belakang. Pijat bayi dengan atau tanpa minyak telah menjadi bagian dari budaya masyarakat di sebagian besar belahan dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Namun, manfaat pijat secara tersendiri dan manfaat penggunaan minyak pijat terhadap optimalisasi pertumbuhan neonatus masih menjadi perdebatan.Tujuan. Menilai pengaruh pijat bayi dan penggunaan minyak pijat yang berbeda, yaitu minyak mineral atau minyak kelapa, terhadap kecepatan kenaikan berat badan neonatus aterm.Metode. Studi eksperimental tidak tersamar dilakukan di sebuah Rumah Sakit Bersalin di Jakarta selama 2 bulan dimulai Juli 2006. Neonatus aterm dengan berat lahir 2500-4000 g dialokasikan dalam 1 kelompok pembanding dan 3 kelompok perlakuan pijat. Pemantauan berat badan dilakukan pada hari ketujuh pemijatan.Hasil. Dibandingkan kelompok pembanding, rerata kecepatan kenaikan berat badan lebih tinggi secara bermakna pada setiap kelompok perlakuan pijat kecuali kelompok pijat tanpa minyak. Rerata kecepatan kenaikan berat badan kelompok yang dipijat dengan minyak lebih tinggi dibandingkan rerata kecepatan kenaikan berat badan kelompok yang dipijat tanpa minyak (p<0,05). Kecepatan kenaikan berat badan kelompok yang dipijat dengan minyak kelapa tidak berbeda bermakna dibandingkan rerata kecepatan kenaikan berat badan kelompok yang dipijat dengan minyak mineral.Kesimpulan. Pijat secara tersendiri tidak mempengaruhi kecepatan kenaikan berat badan neonatus. Penggunaan minyak dalam pemijatan memiliki efek positif terhadap kenaikan berat badan. Minyak kelapa memiliki potensi meningkatkan berat badan sama baik dibanding minyak mineral.