The rapid urban growth followed by disordered occupation has been generating significant impacts on cities, bringing losses of an economic and social nature that directly interfere with the well-being of the population. In this work, a proposal for local urban infrastructure problems associated with watercourse management is presented, comparing Sustainable Drainage System (SuDS) techniques and Low-Impact Development (LID) concepts with alternative traditional interventions. The study addresses sustainable alternatives to cope with the urbanization of the Cehab’s open channel, which is an important urban watercourse tributary of the Muriaé River, at the municipality of Itaperuna, Rio de Janeiro—Brazil. The multi-criteria decision-making method called Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was applied here. The results highlighted the better performance of sustainable techniques when compared to the traditional ones, with an overall advantage of the geogrids and geocells for this case study. The obtained TOPSIS coefficients-C for these techniques were higher (0.59488, for Reach 1; and 0.68656, for Reach 2) than those for the others. This research, therefore, presented an important urban watercourse management methodology that can be further applied to guide sustainable investments and help the decision-making associated with the development of territories.
The global increase of urban areas highlights the need to improve their adaptation to extreme weather events, in particular heavy rainfall. This study analyzes the impacts of in-situ rain gauges’ distribution (by applying the fractal dimension concept) associated with a spatial diagnosis of flood occurrences in the municipality of Itaperuna, Rio de Janeiro–Brazil, performing an investigation of flood susceptibility maps based on transitory (considering precipitation) and on permanent factors (natural flood susceptibility). The fractal analysis results pointed out that the rain gauges’ distribution presented a scaling break behavior with a low fractal dimension ( 0.416 ) at the small-scale range, highlighting the incapacity of the local instrumentation to capture the spatial rainfall variability. Thereafter, the cross-tabulation method was used to validate both predictive maps with recorded data of the major January 2020 event, which indicated that the transitory factors’ flood map presented an unsatisfactory Probability of Detection of floods ( P O D = 0.552 ) when compared to the permanent factors’ map ( P O D = 0.944 ) . These issues allowed to consider the hydrological uncertainties associated with the sparse gauge network distribution and its impacts on the use of flood susceptibility maps. Such methodology enables the evaluation of other municipalities and regions, constituting essential information in aid of territorial management.
O avanço dos sistemas de transportes impulsionou o desenvolvimento de novos estudos para análise do desempenho do pavimento em resposta a diferentes tipos de solicitações. Associada ao crescimento do setor, à necessidade de duplicação de vias e ao aumento de carregamento das linhas em operação, a investigação do subleito é considerada um elemento fundamental para a garantia da qualidade do desempenho do pavimento e para a operação segura e confortável dos veículos ferroviários. Este artigo teve como objetivo principal a avaliação da capacidade de suporte de um trecho da duplicação da Estrada de Ferro Carajás a partir de sondagens geotécnicas em campo e laboratoriais. O plano de investigação constou com uma análise tátil-visual dos solos para a definição do trecho do estudo, seguido da execução do ensaio de Cone de Penetração Dinâmica no pavimento da seção experimental. As amostras do subleito foram coletadas nos pontos km 216,143, km 216,180 e km 216,216 ao longo do trecho do Pátio 14, e submetidas aos ensaios laboratoriais de análise granulométrica completa, limites de consistência, Índice de Suporte California (ISC ou CBR) e classificação pela metodologia MCT. Os solos foram classificados pelos sistemas SUCS e TRB como argila de baixa plasticidade e solos A-2-4 e A-4, respectivamente, com não observância do comportamento laterítico. O valor apresentado pelo ensaio de CBR indicou que o solo possui baixa capacidade de suporte, e seu uso como camada de subleito seria inviabilizada pelos padrões normativos convencionais. Neste sentido, estudos voltados à avaliação da capacidade das vias adaptadas às condições brasileiras para utilização de materiais locais são importantes fatores para redução do impacto das obras de infraestrutura ao meio ambiente, através da redução da movimentação dos terraplenos na implantação da plataforma e de remanejamentos.
The emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) is a cause for concern when seeking sustainable development in view of global warming. The multiple ecosystem services associated with land use and land cover are at the center of the global climate agenda, both as a mitigation and adaptation strategy to climate change and growing urbanization. Among these services is carbon storage and sequestration (CSS). It can remove GHG carbon from the atmosphere and store it in the form of organic matter, a natural carbon stock. Thus, to design projects that guarantee sustainable development, it is necessary to use metrics that can quantify the impact of sequestration on natural carbon stocks. We aimed to implement the InVEST CSS methodology in the region of Itaperuna-RJ (Brazil) to quantify the net change in carbon storage over time (sequestration and loss) between 2015 and 2020. The obtained total difference in carbon stocks between the analyzed maps was −39,103.56 × 103 kg C, which has an equivalent social cost of carbon of USD 16,559,187.69. This social value represents the social damage caused by releasing that amount of carbon into the atmosphere. This main result brings an important application for validating the InVEST CSS methodology in Brazil. Furthermore, it points out parameters that can help elaborate sustainable development policies.
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