The nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) is a superfamily of transcription factors. It plays an important role in development & progression of cancer. This study was conducted in a tertiary care centre to investigate the significance of NF-κB as a prognostic marker in breast cancer and study its relation with established prognostic markers such as tumor grade, lymph node status, hormone receptor & HER-2/neu expression. We measured NF-κB expression of breast cancer tissue as a test sample & from fibroadenoma as a control. Measurement was done by Western Blot Technique using p65 protein of NF-κB super family of transcription factors. ER,PR and HER-2/neu were measured by immunohistochemistry methods. NF-κB/p65 is significantly associated with large tumor size (≥5 cm), high grade tumors, negative ER, negative PR, positive HER-2/neu and high NPI (≥5.4) scores. NF-κB/p65 expression implies aggressive biological behaviour of breast cancer & this study validates significant association of NF-κB /p65 overexpression with large tumor size, negative estrogen & progesterone receptor status and overexpression of c-erbB2 oncoprotein.
Objectives:
Cardiotoxicity has been associated with trastuzumab for long and its relation with anthracyclines has also been well established. The study aims to assess the cardiotoxicity in patients on trastuzumab in human epidermal growth receptor 2-positive breast cancer.
Material and Methods:
This retrospective study consisting of a 3 years database of 112 patients with breast cancer from a tertiary care center in India. A total of 64 patients were scrutinized meeting the eligibility criteria. The primary eligibility criteria were availability of baseline, 3 monthly, end of treatment, and 3 months post-treatment left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) profile data.
Results:
41/62 patients (66.1%) showed decrease in the LVEF profiles having mean reduction of 6%. Of these 41 patients, 34 (53.1%) patients exhibited a drop of 0–5%, 4 (6.2%) showed a drop of 6–10%, and 3 (4.6%) patients showed a drop of more than 10%. A significant drop (more than 10%) in the LVEF profile was observed in mean time of 6 months (8 cycles) which recovered to baseline value with the median follow-up of 3 months post-cessation of trastuzumab. Most of patients in the LVEF drop >10% group (70%) had received an anthracyclines based regimen.
Conclusion:
Our study demonstrated a mean drop of >10% in the LVEF profiles (4.6%) patients after mean follow-up of 6 months after starting therapy with trastuzumab and reverted back to baseline value after over a mean of 3 months post completing therapy with trastuzumab. This warrants regular and strict surveillance for the first 6 months and thereafter also after starting therapy with trastuzumab.
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