Globally, sexual harassment is a common phenomenon and occurred before formulating its name sexual harassment. ILO focused on it and said that sexual harassment at work will not be tolerated and must end worldwide. The primary objective of this study is to examine the idea of workplace harassment and its legal aspects globally. This is a review-based study and has been grounded on authentic sites such as google scholar, academia, jstor, and electronic libraries to explore the context. Among a few governments Sweden was the first to adopt legislation and organized seminars and highlighted workplace sexual harassment including anti-bullying laws. Likewise, international organizations and conventions such as CEDAW, ILO, and women's conferences have included provisions on sexual harassment in the workplace. Anti-sexual harassment acts have come into effect in many countries such as Pakistan, Afghanistan, the Philippines, Indonesia, Turkey, and Nepal. Additionally, from the global level, the Me-too movement assisted to speak up on sexual harassment. However sexual harassment in the workplace continues. Despite the sexual harassment acts and laws, employers continue to ignore the incidences of harassment. Therefore, both employers and employees need to work towards creating a safer workspace, and free from harassment by formulating and implementing policies based on the country’s acts and protocols for prevention.
Sexual harassment is a common and widespread phenomenon that has physical, emotional, and social consequences for individuals. The aim of this paper is to explore the knowledge and perception of sexual harassment among the working women in Kathmandu Valley. The systematic random sampling technique was used and selected 388 people working in the educational and non[1] educational sectors of the Kathmandu Valley. The result revealed that highest percentage of respondents have heard about the term "sexual harassment." low percent (83%) respondents had heard about SH in Bhaktapur compared to Kathmandu and Lalitpur (97%) and (86%), respectively. The majority of respondents (60%) stated that sexual harassment occurs in the workplace, as a result of misread signals from women. However, the majority of respondents (35%) stated that public transportation is the most risky place for sexual harassment followed by dark/ remote places (34%). Almost two-thirds of respondents (ranging from 62% to 65%) in all districts had heard about sexual harassment-related laws, acts, and policies, which was statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Similarly, respondents aged 35 and older had less knowledge than those in the younger age group, and this was significantly related to their age. The majority of respondents (93%) who worked in reception had the most knowledge of harassment-related laws and policies, followed by managerial supervisors (86%) whereas unskilled labor had lowest knowledge (47%) regarding these laws/ policies.
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