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AimsThe prevalence of cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular co-morbidities and their relative importance for outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) remain poorly characterized. Methods and resultsThe Karolinska-Rennes (KaRen) Study was a multinational prospective observational study designed to characterize HFPEF. Inclusion required acute HF, defined by the Framingham criteria, LVEF ≥45%, and NT-pro-BNP ≥300 ng/L or BNP ≥100 ng/L. Detailed clinical data were collected at baseline and patients were followed prospectively for 18 months. Predictors of the primary (HF hospitalization or all-cause mortality) and secondary (all-cause mortality) outcomes were assessed with multivariable Cox regression. A total of 539 patients [56% women; median (interquartile range) age 79 (72-84) years; NT-pro-BNP/BNP 2448 (1290-4790)/429 (229-805) ng/L] were included.

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