To find new candidate loci predisposing individuals to Kawasaki disease, an acute vasculitis that affects children, we conducted a genome-wide association study in 622 individuals with Kawasaki disease (cases) and 1,107 controls in a Han Chinese population residing in Taiwan, with replication in an independent Han Chinese sample of 261 cases and 550 controls. We report two new loci, one at BLK (encoding B-lymphoid tyrosine kinase) and one at CD40, that are associated with Kawasaki disease at genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10(-8)). Our findings may lead to a better understanding of the role of immune activation and inflammation in Kawasaki disease pathogenesis.

Aim and objectivesTo determine whether the virtual reality as a distracting intervention could reduce pain and fear in school‐age children receiving intravenous injections at an emergency department.BackgroundAn intravenous injection is the most common invasive procedure that paediatric patients encounter in emergency department. School‐age children seldom show their fear or discomfort during the procedure which may be ignored.DesignA randomised controlled trial was conducted from December 2017–May 2018 and performed according to the CONSORT guidelines.MethodsOne hundred and thirty‐six children aged 7–12 years were randomly allocated to receive either a routine intravenous injection procedure or one with an immersive virtual reality experience. Children were asked to rate their pain and fear along with their caregivers and nurses on the Wong–Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale and Children's Fear Scale, respectively. The time required for successful intravenous insertion was also assessed in the emergency department. Clinical trial registration was done (ClinicalTrials.gov.: NCT04081935).ResultsPain and fear scores were significantly lower in the virtual reality group, as were the children's ratings as perceived by their caregivers and nurses. The children's ratings of pain and fear were positively correlated with the caregivers’ ratings and the nurses' ratings as well. The time required for successful intravenous insertion was significantly lower in the virtual reality group.ConclusionVisual reality intervention can effectively reduce the pain and fear during intravenous procedure in school‐age children in emergency department.Relevance to clinical practiceThe results of this study indicate the feasible clinical value of virtual reality interventions during the administration of intravenous injections in school‐age children in emergency departments.

Negative unipolar voltage analysis of global RA showed different RA substrate characteristics during various SVT. The substrate property of activation and cycle length-dependent voltage reduction may be related to the development of AFL and AF.

The location of the AT gap may be related with the complex anatomy of the LA. The induced ATs after CPVI can be eliminated by catheter ablation.