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The heterostructure of ZnO and MOF-46(Zn) was synthesized to improve the photocatalytic performance of ZnO and prove the synergistic theory that presented the coexistence of ZnO and MOF-46(Zn), providing better efficiency than pure ZnO. The heterostructure material was synthesized by using prepared ZnO as a Zn2+ source, which was reacted with 2-aminoterephthalic acid (2-ATP) as a ligand to cover the surface of ZnO with MOF-46(Zn). The ZnO reactant materials were modified by pyrolysis of various morphologies of IRMOF-3 (Zn-MOF) prepared by using CTAB as a morphology controller. The octahedral ZnO obtained at 150 mg of CTAB shows better efficiency for photodegradation, with 85.79% within 3 h and a band gap energy of 3.11 eV. It acts as a starting material for synthesis of ZnO@MOF-46(Zn). The ZnO/MOF-46(Zn) composite was further used as a photocatalyst material in the dye (methylene blue: MB) degradation process, and the performance was compared with that of pure prepared ZnO. The results show that the photocatalytic efficiency with 61.20% in the MB degradation of the heterostructure is higher than that of pure ZnO within 60 min (90.09% within 180 min). The reason for this result may be that the coexistence of ZnO and MOF-46(Zn) can absorb a larger range of energy and reduce the possibility of the electron–hole recombination process.

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The Zn(8-hydroxyquinoline)2(H2O)2, ZnQ2·2H2O, encapsulated in the porous BioMOF1 (ZnQ2@BioMOF1) host was synthesized by solid-solid and solid-solution reaction between Zn2+@BioMOF1 and 8-hydroxyquinoline. To prepare Zn2+@BioMOF1, dimethylammonium (DMA+), guests in the pores of BioMOF1 were replaced by Zn2+ ions via ion exchange process. The synthesized compound was characterized by XRD and TGA to confirm stability of BioMOF1 host. The ZnQ2·2H2O forming by metal-cation-directed de novo coassembly approach was confirmed by UV, IR, Fluorescence, BET, and confocal microscopy. Scanning electron microscopy images show slight change in morphology of BioMOF1 after introducing ZnQ2·2H2O by solid-solution reaction into its pores. Thin films of the produced materials were used to sense dissolved oxygen in water by using fluorescence technique.

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