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The aim of the study was to confirm the effectiveness and safety of wide awake local anesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) technique in hand surgery, to present our results and to encourage its use on Romania and all over the world. The study group consisted of 120 patients in which local anesthesia with 1% lidocaine and 1: 100,000 epinephrine solution was used. The conditions requiring surgery were Dupuytren disease (DD) stages II and III affecting one or two digital rays, carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), trigger finger (TF), rupture of the flexor pollicis longus�(FPL) tendon. The amount of anesthetic used, onset time, intraoperative bleeding, surgeon�s comfort during surgery, patient�s comfort, operative time, the immediate postoperative complications and length of hospital stay were evaluated, correlations between these parameters being made with the help of SPSS 20.0 software using regressions (ANOVA), and taking into account Pearson correlation coefficients with statistical significance, alpha at most .05 and CI 95%. In the group of 120 operated patients (58 men - M and 62 female -F) (M/F ratio = 0.93), no cases of digital necrosis or other vascular complications were recorded. Also, the absence of tourniquets did not result in intraoperative bleeding causing discomfort to the surgeon. The amount of anesthetic varied, being less than that recommended in the literature in approximately 40% of the cases. In all cases, patient comfort and satisfaction were highest, and length of hospital stay was several hours. Phentolamine, an antidote used to reverse the effects of epinephrine, was not used in any case. The correlation coefficient between the amount of anesthetic and waiting time = 0.3372 (p = 0.0001) � positive, direct, moderate, and statistically significant correlation. The correlation coefficient between the amount of anesthetic and length of hospital stay = 0.2700 (p = 0.002) - positive, direct, weak and statistically significant correlation. Correlation coefficient between age and length of hospital stay = 0.1361 (p = 0.1380) - positive, direct, weak correlation, but statistically insignificant. WALANT technique is safe and has many advantages: no need it is not necessary to use the tourniquet and intravenous sedation, surgeon and patient comfort is maximum, there is no risk of finger necrosis, intraoperative collaboration and last but not the least, hospital stay is short and costs are minimal.
Background: The use of bromelain for the removal of eschar in deep burns is considered to be effective because it does not affect the unaffected skin and leaves a clean dermis after use. The main objective of this study is to find out whether bromelain is a good alternative to surgical debridement. In order to achieve that, we aim to evaluate its indications, limitations, and safety measures. Methods: The current study was conducted on a group of 30 patients with deep burn lesions, aged 20 to 56 years, from which 15 underwent enzymatic debridement and 15 patients acted as a control group in which primary surgical debridement was used. The mixture of enzymes enriched in bromelain, meant to dissolve burn eschar, was provided by NexoBrid™. The inclusion criteria were in agreement with the manufacturer’s protocols, but the application protocol was slightly modified in order to implement a better intern protocol and to assess its efficiency. Results: Complete eschar debridement was obtained in 13 of the 15 cases, from which 10 patients went through spontaneous healing and 3 needed to be covered with a skin graft. In the other 2 cases, partial eschar debridement was associated with surgical debridement and coverage with split-thickness skin graft in the same operation. The results obtained in the two groups were assessed with the Vancouver Scar Scale. Conclusions: Even though early excision followed by coverage with split-thickness skin graft remains the gold standard for the treatment of deep burns, enzymatic debridement can provide a series of advantages when the inclusion and exclusion criteria are respected. Bromelain is an alternative to surgical debridement that provides speed, tissue selectivity, safety, and less blood loss.
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