ABSTRACT:We describe the immunophenotypic and gross DNA defects in 55 patients with myeloma and 50 patients with monoclonal gammopathy and review the literature on this subject (MedLine, 1994(MedLine, -2000. Our data confirmed previous reports indicating that in myeloma nearly all marrow plasma cells are abnormal (98.7 Ϯ 8.1%). In monoclonal gammopathy the fraction of abnormal plasma cells was 35.0 Ϯ 32.8%. In both myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy, the most frequent aberrant phenotypic features consisted of absence of expression of CD19, strong expression of CD56, and decreased intensity of expression of CD38; aberrant expression of CD10, CD20, CD22, or CD28 was observed in less than one-third of myeloma cases. The vast majority of cases had two or more phenotypic aberrations. In the DNA studies, 7% of myeloma cases were biclonal and 93% of cases were monoclonal. In those studies with only one plasma cell mitotic cycle, 37% had normal DNA content and 63% were aneuploid (hyperploid, 61%; hypoploid, 2%). The mean percentages of plasma cells in S-and G2M phases were 4.9 Ϯ 8.5 and 4.4 Ϯ 6.9%, respectively. Thirty-eight percent of cases had more than 3% of plasma cells in S phase. In monoclonal gammopathy, the DNA index of abnormal plasma cells ranged from 0.89 to 1.30 and the percentage of diploid (31%) and aneuploid (69%) cases was not different from the results found in myeloma. The differences in percentage of abnormal plasma cells in S-(7.4 Ϯ 8.6%) and G2M-phases (2.4 Ϯ 1.7%) in patients with monoclonal gammopathy were not statistically significant.
In this paper we use analysis tools from Space Syntax and objective observation of the human behaviour, to understand the impact of landmarks in the walking patterns of users of spaces. Our case study was a large exterior public open space (University Campus), in which participants could walk freely and simultaneously be tracked by several sensors. We carried Space Syntax analysis for this space, and then collected Global Positioning System (GPS) tracking information and used a mobile eye-tracking device to acquire eye gaze information. The collected data allowed us to map and analyse each subject behaviour in the public space. A more specific analysis was done to four selected landmarks that, according to the Space Syntax analysis, were the ones with higher integration values. Results indicate that landmarks with such higher integration values show also a larger count of fixations and saccades of gaze interaction.
Em 2018 assinalam-se 20 anos da inauguração da Expo´98. A operação reconversão da frente ribeirinha oriental de Lisboa, que transformou 340 hectares de terrenos industriais e portuários em tecido urbano. A operação seria estruturada com um plano geral, cinco planos de pormenor e respetivos projetos de espaço público.
Este artigo aborda o Plano de Pormenor 4 (1994) e Projeto do Espaço Público (1996) correspondente da Zona 4 da Expo’98. Plano e projeto acolheriam durante o certame a Vila Expo´98, uma área residencial para os funcionários da exposição mundial, que após o evento seria colocada no mercado de venda livre.
Nos anos pós-Expo a implementação do plano teria um sucesso comercial assinalável. Como morfologia urbana o plano almejava um desenho urbano que proporcionasse variedade e complexidade, entendo o espaço público como coisa formal. A ideia de cidade proposta pretendia ser conciliadora: entre um modelo de cidade histórica lisboeta e a cidade moderna dos anos 50; entre as estruturas urbanas circundantes e a nova cidade projetada; entre um sistema de espaços públicos contínuo e uma conformação de edifícios em quarteirões semiabertos ou, ainda, entre operação urbanística orientada para o lucro e a incorporação de valores paisagísticos e ambientais a escala inusitada.
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