Scientists have long been trying to understand why the Neotropical region holds the highest diversity of birds on Earth. Recently, there has been increased interest in morphological variation between and within species, and in how climate, topography, and anthropogenic pressures may explain and affect phenotypic variation. Because morphological data are not always available for many species at the local or regional scale, we are limited in our understanding of intra‐ and interspecies spatial morphological variation. Here, we present the ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS, a data set that includes measurements of up to 44 morphological traits in 67,197 bird records from 2,790 populations distributed throughout the Atlantic forests of South America. This data set comprises information, compiled over two centuries (1820–2018), for 711 bird species, which represent 80% of all known bird diversity in the Atlantic Forest. Among the most commonly reported traits are sex (n = 65,717), age (n = 63,852), body mass (n = 58,768), flight molt presence (n = 44,941), molt presence (n = 44,847), body molt presence (n = 44,606), tail length (n = 43,005), reproductive stage (n = 42,588), bill length (n = 37,409), body length (n = 28,394), right wing length (n = 21,950), tarsus length (n = 20,342), and wing length (n = 18,071). The most frequently recorded species are Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 1,837), Turdus albicollis (n = 1,658), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 1,468), Turdus leucomelas (n = 1,436), and Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 1,384). The species recorded in the greatest number of sampling localities are Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 243), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 242), Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 210), Platyrinchus mystaceus (n = 208), and Turdus rufiventris (n = 191). ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS (ABT) is the most comprehensive data set on measurements of bird morphological traits found in a biodiversity hotspot; it provides data for basic and applied research at multiple scales, from individual to community, and from the local to the macroecological perspectives. No copyright or proprietary restrictions are associated with the use of this data set. Please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications or teaching and educational activities.
-The seed physiological maturity knowledgment is critical determine its maximum production and physiological quality. The objective of this study was to determine the ideal time to harvest by evaluating seeds physiological maturity. Seventeen weekly harvests of fruits and seeds from matrices located in the Brazilian city of Botucatu, SP, were performed from May to September 2001. Fruits size and weight, seed water content and dry matter, and germination and emission of primary root were evaluated. Seeds showed maximum dimension in the thirteenth week of collection, while the highest fruit weight was obtained in the twelfth week of collection. Water content decreased over time. Seeds dry matter showed its highest value in the sixteenth week harvest, while germination percentage showed its highest value between the fourteenth and fifteenth week harvest. The percentage of primary root emission was observed with maximum value in the tenth week harvest. Based on the results, it is concluded that the best Anadenanthera colubrina harvest season occurs between the fourteenth and fifteenth weeks.Index terms: harvest period, germination, forest seeds.Maturação fisiológica de sementes de Angico (Anadenanthera colubrina (Vellozo) Brenan) RESUMO -Conhecer o processo de maturação de sementes é fundamental para auxiliar na busca da máxima produção e qualidade fisiológica das mesmas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o momento ideal de colheita por meio da avaliação da maturidade fisiológica de suas sementes. Foram realizadas 17 coletas semanais de frutos e sementes de matrizes localizadas no município de Botucatu -SP, no período de Maio a Setembro de 2001. Avaliaram-se as dimensões dos frutos, peso dos frutos, teor de água e massa seca das sementes, além da germinação e emissão de raiz primária. As sementes apresentaram dimensão máxima a partir da décima até a décima terceira semana de coleta, enquanto que o maior peso dos frutos foi obtido na décima segunda semana de coleta. O teor de água decresceu com o passar do tempo. A massa seca de sementes apresentou valores máximos na décima sexta semana de coleta, enquanto que a porcentagem de germinação apresentou valores máximos entre a décima quarta e décima quinta semana de coleta. Já a porcentagem de emissão de raiz primária mostrou-se com valor máximo na décima semana de coleta. Conclui-se que a melhor época de colheita de Anadenanthera colubrina ocorre entre a décima quarta e décima quinta semana de coleta.Termos para indexação: época de colheita, germinação, sementes florestais.
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