Background: Hairdressers are occupationally exposed to many allergenic and irritating substances. Additionally, hairdressing apprentices are exposed to the same allergens as professional hairdressers, due to the fact that vocational training starts in the beginning of the education. This study was undertaken to investigate early occurrence of sensitization to occupational allergens in hairdressing apprentices before the onset of the vocational training. Material and Methods: Three hundred and seven hairdressing apprentices were assessed using a questionnaire and skin prick tests (SPTs) to common and occupational allergens. The level of total and serum specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) to occupational allergens was evaluated and spirometry was performed. Results: At least one skin and/or respiratory and/or conjunctival symptom was reported by 29.9% of subjects. Among subjects with at least one symptom, 28.2% of them were atopic whereas among 43.4% of them total IgE level was elevated. Atopy was found in 20% cases. In the case of one apprentice, positive SPT for paraphenylenediamine was found. Nearly 33% of apprentices had elevated total IgE level and 5 of them had specific IgE for occupational allergens. Conclusions: The study revealed that hairdressing apprentices might be sensitized to occupational allergens even before the beginning of vocational training, due to prior non-professional exposure to hairdressing agents. Furthermore, many of them report skin, respiratory and conjunctival symptoms, often connected with chronic disease diagnosis. Thus, candidates for hairdressers should be examined thoroughly before the start of the education and tests for allergy to hairdressing substances are indicated. Med Pr 2016;67(5):567-575
Objectives: Wood dust is a known occupational allergen that may induce, in exposed workers, respiratory diseases including asthma and allergic rhinitis. Samba (obeche, Triplochiton scleroxylon) is a tropical tree, which grows in West Africa, therefore, Polish workers are rarely exposed to it. This paper describes a case of occupational asthma caused by samba wood dust. Material and Methods: The patient with suspicion of occupational asthma due to wood dust was examined at the Department of Occupational Diseases and Clinical Toxicology in the Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine. Clinical evaluation included: analysis of occupational history, skin prick tests (SPT) to common and occupational allergens, determination of serum specific IgE to occupational allergens, serial spirometry measurements, metacholine challenge test and specific inhalation challenge test with samba dust. Results: SPT and specific serum IgE assessment revealed sensitization to common and occupational allergens including samba. Spirometry measurements showed mild obstruction. Metacholine challenge test revealed a high level of bronchial hyperactivity. Specific inhalation challenge test was positive and cellular changes in nasal lavage and induced sputum confirmed allergic reaction to samba. Conclusions: IgE mediated allergy to samba wood dust was confirmed. This case report presents the first documented occupational asthma and rhinitis due to samba wood dust in wooden airplanes model maker in Poland.
Severe occupational systemic reactions to persulphates have rarely been described and if so mainly after skin contact with bleaching products. We report the first case of a hairdresser with an allergy to persulphates obtained during professional work, who developed anaphylaxis caused by persulphates present in dental cement during dental treatment. This case documents that sensitization to occupational allergens can induce severe systemic reactions outside the workplace. Additionally, it also recommends the need for greater awareness of medical professionals, including dentists, of the possibility of anaphylaxis in patients with occupational allergy.
Decorative flowers are known to be a cause of occupational allergy in the floral industry. The allergic manifestations induced by flowers include asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and urticaria. We present a case of a 55-year-old woman, who has been working for the last 30 years as a gardener with various kinds of flowers, e.g., Limonium sinuatum (LS), chrysanthemum, sweet William (Dianthus barbatus) and Lilium. During the last 10 years she has developed nasal and eyes symptoms, dry cough, dyspnoea, chest tightness and wheezing. Clinical examination, routine laboratory testing, chest radiography, skin prick tests (SPT) involving common allergens, native plants pollens and leaves by the prick-prick technique, rest spirometry, methacholine challenge test and specific inhalation challenge test (SICT) were conducted. SPT results to common allergens were positive for grass pollens. SPT with native plants pollens and leaves showed a positive reaction only for LS. SICT induced an isolated early asthmatic reaction and significant increase in the number of eosinophils in the nasal lavage fluid. Additionally, significant increase in non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity was observed after SICT. To our knowledge, the presently described report is the first one of Limonium sinuatum induced occupational asthma and rhinitis in a Polish gardener.
StreszczenieOrzekanie o chorobach zawodowych układu ruchu często stanowi problem diagnostyczno-orzeczniczy na każdym szczeblu postępowania, które ma na celu potwierdzenie lub wykluczenie zawodowej etiologii danego schorzenia. W celu ułatwienia podejmowania decyzji i wnioskowania o związku przyczynowo-skutkowym między rozpoznaną jednostką chorobową a sposobem wykonywania pracy opracowano wytyczne do rozpoznawania zawodowej etiologii chorób układu ruchu. W pracy przedstawiono wytyczne diagnostyczno-orzecznicze dotyczące zawodowej etiologii zapalenia nadkłykcia bocznego i przyśrodkowego kości ramiennej. Zapalenie nadkłykcia bocznego kości ramiennej, oprócz przewlekłego zapalenia okołostawowego barku, należy do najczęstszych chorób zawodowych układu ruchu w Polsce. Wytyczne opracowano na podstawie danych z piśmiennictwa okre-ś-lających zawodowe czynniki ryzyka zapalenia nadkłykcia kości ramiennej, klasyfikacji wielkości obciążenia pracą monotypową z uwzględnieniem klasyfikacji stosowanych w metodach ergonomicznej oceny obciążenia układu ruchu podczas pracy. Prezentowane wytyczne diagnostyczno-orzecznicze określają przybliżone kryteria warunkujące stwierdzenie, że rozpoznane zapalenie nadkłykcia kości ramiennej (po wykluczeniu przyczyn pozazawodowych) zostało wywołane sposobem wykonywania pracy. W wytycznych uwzględniono czas pracy, czas wykonywania ruchów obciążających przyczepy ścięgien do nadkłykci, monotypię pracy oraz wielkość siły używanej do wykonania czynności zawodowych. Opracowane wytyczne mają ułatwić postępowanie diagnostyczno-orzecznicze i ocenę, czy istnieje prawdopodobieństwo wystąpienia etiologii zawodowej zapalenia nadkłykcia kości ramiennej. Med. Pr. 2015;66(3):443-450 Słowa kluczowe: choroby zawodowe, układ ruchu, diagnostyka, etiologia zawodowa, zapalenie nadkłykci kości ramiennej, wytyczne orzecznicze AbstractMaking final decisions on the occupational etiology of musculoskeletal diseases is often difficult and problematic at every stage of the diagnostic procedure. Taking into account the need to facilitate decision-making about the causal relationship between the diagnosed disease entity and the working conditions guidelines for the recognition of work-related musculoskeletal diseases have been developed. This paper presents the guidelines for the diagnosis of occupational etiology of humeral epicondylitis, one of the most common occupational disease of the musculoskeletal system in Poland. The developed guidelines have been based on the literature data concerning occupational risk factors of humeral epicondylitis, workload classification, including repetitive movements, awkward postures, and force. Some criteria applied in ergonomic evaluation methods were also included. The presented diagnostic guidelines define approximate benchmarks for stating (after excluding non-occupational etiology) that the identified humeral epicondylitis, is related to the way of working. Crucial work factors that should be analyzed Finansowanie / Funding: w ramach dotacji na działalność statutową, zadanie nr IMP 12....
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