Results: 35 EEG were analyzed in 29 patients. Of these patients, 17-58.6% were male and 12-41.4% were female. In our study we found that the cerebrovascular accident was the clinical condition most often observed, corresponding to 28.5% (brain hemorrhagic stroke -17.1% and ischemic stroke -11.4%), followed by traumatic brain injury (17.1%), severe sepsis (17.1%), other causes (14.3%), toxic-metabolic encephalopathy (11.4%), and Status epilepticus (11.4%). Coma was present in (11.4%) and only 2.9% had EEG to assess post-PCR. We found a disorganized background activity (35 -100%), the asymmetrical pattern is found in 21 (60%) and symmetrical in 14 (40%) The presence of epileptiform discharges was identified in 12 (34.2%). A change of therapy occurred in 8 (22.9%) patients who underwent electroencephalographic examination. Conclusion:We note that the indications responsible for electroencephalographic monitoring on the edge of the bed were frequently
Introduction Vascular calcifi cation is a regulated process, which associates with coronary artery disease (CAD) and occurs through an increase in transcription factor expression such as RUNX2, MSX2 and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), then inducing calcium deposition. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) is a potent osteochondrogenic mediator, which is expressed in CAD. Endothelin-1 (ET1) and leptin have a role in regulating infl ammation and CAD. We hypothesized that BMP2, leptin or both increase ROS formation in C57BL/6 vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC), stimulating osteochondrogenic diff erentiation. We also investigated the eff ect of ET1 in SMC osteochondrogenesis. Our objectives were: to investigate ROS production in SMC after BMP2 (50 ng/ml) and/or leptin (10 ng/ml) incubation for 6 hours; and to assess osteochondrogenic gene expression and calcifi cation of SMC stimulated with BMP2, leptin or ET1 (10 nM). Methods We assessed 2-hydroxyethidium, more specifi c for superoxide, and ethidium which refl ects hydrogen peroxide through HPLC analysis in SMC after stimulation. SMC cells were incubated with these stimuli for 48 to 96 hours and RUNX2, MSX2, ALP mRNA and protein expression were assessed using qPCR and western blotting. We quantifi ed SMC calcifi cation after 14 days of stimulation through Alizarin Red staining. Results The results are shown as mean ± SD and were statistically signifi cant when pHydrogen peroxide and superoxide production increased both in BMP2 and in leptin-incubated SMC (3.77 ± 0.32 and 3.26 ± 0.26) versus control (n = 6); pBMP2 and leptin alone increased SMC calcifi cation (1.25 ± 0.08 and 1.28 ± 0.14) versus control after 14 days (n = 6); pET1 alone did not stimulate osteocondrogenic mRNA expression vs. control. Conclusion We showed that BMP2 and leptin increased ROS formation in SMC, which stimulated osteocondrogenic mRNA/protein expression to induce SMC calcifi cation. ET1 alone did not increase osteochondrogenesis in SMC. P2 Eff ects of rapid repetition of a vascular occlusion test on near-infrared spectroscopy-derived variables in healthy subjects and in critically ill patients
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.