No abstract

No abstract

An accurate description of the phase behavior of the CH 4 1 H 2 S system is given for temperatures from 70 K to the critical temperature of H 2 S and pressures up to 250 MPa. The study includes the solid phases of CH 4 and H 2 S. A global pressure-temperature diagram is presented. The types of temperature-composition and pressure-composition phase diagrams that can be encountered in the studied temperature and pressure ranges have been described. The temperature and pressure ranges where the phase behavior of the system changes have been identified and a representative phase diagram is presented for each range. Phase diagrams have been obtained through the solid-liquid-vapor equation of state proposed by Yokozeki.

No abstract

No abstract

This paper presents the Mechanical Ventilator Milano (MVM), a novel intensive therapy mechanical ventilator designed for rapid, large-scale, low-cost production for the COVID-19 pandemic. Free of moving mechanical parts and requiring only a source of compressed oxygen and medical air to operate, the MVM is designed to support the long-term invasive ventilation often required for COVID-19 patients and operates in pressure-regulated ventilation modes, which minimize the risk of furthering lung trauma. The MVM was extensively tested against ISO standards in the laboratory using a breathing simulator, with good agreement between input and measured breathing parameters and performing correctly in response to fault conditions and stability tests. The MVM has obtained Emergency Use Authorization by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in healthcare settings during the COVID-19 pandemic and Health Canada Medical Device Authorization for Importation or Sale, under Interim Order for Use in Relation to COVID-19. Following these certifications, mass production is ongoing and distribution is under way in several countries. The MVM was designed, tested, prepared for certification, and mass produced in the space of a few months by a unique collaboration of respiratory healthcare professionals and experimental physicists, working with industrial partners, and is an excellent ventilator candidate for this pandemic anywhere in the world.

International audienceDesign and optimization of cryogenic technologies for biogas upgrading require accurate determination of freeze-out boundaries. In cryogenic upgrading processes involving dry ice formation, accurate predictions of solid–liquid, solid–vapor, and solid–liquid–vapor equilibria are fundamental for a correct design of the heat exchanger surface in order to achieve the desired biomethane purity. Moreover, the liquefied biogas production process, particularly interesting for cryogenic upgrading processes due to the low temperature of the obtained biomethane, requires an accurate knowledge of carbon dioxide solubility in liquid methane to avoid solid deposition. The present work compares two different approaches for representing solid–liquid, solid–vapor, and solid–liquid–vapor equilibria for the CH4−CO2 mixture. Model parameters have been regressed in order to optimize the representation of phase equilibrium at low temperatures, with particular emphasis to the equilibria involving a solid phase. Furthermore, the extended bibliographic research allows determining the regions where more accurate data are needed

Undesired solid CO 2 formation is a main issue for the liquefied natural gas (LNG) industry and, more recently, for the bioLNG production. The abundance of CO 2 solubility data in liquid methane may not be sufficient to fully understand the problem when important amount of air gases (O 2 and N 2) are present in the natural gas or biomethane. Scarcity and incompleteness of available solubility data involving nitrogen and oxygen motivated the production of original solid-liquid-vapor equilibrium (SLVE) data for the N 2-CH 4-CO 2 and N 2-O 2-CH 4-CO 2 systems. The solubility limit of CO 2 in both liquid and vapor phases is measured in this work in order to allow the definition of solid formation conditions. A static analytic methodology is used for obtaining (p,T,x,y) data at SLVE in the temperature range from 125 to 146 K. Experimental results obtained in this work show that the addition of nitrogen and oxygen in methane decreases the solubility of CO 2 in the liquid phase, which is not in agreement with the qualitative behavior shown by literature data. A thermodynamic model for the calculation of solid-liquid-vapor equilibrium of the N 2-O 2-CH 4-CO 2 system is also presented in this work and compared with experimental data, providing good agreement.