The relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov (RHB) model is extended to include density dependent meson-nucleon couplings. The effective Lagrangian is characterized by a phenomenological density dependence for the σ, ω and ρ meson-nucleon vertex functions, adjusted to properties of nuclear matter and finite nuclei. Pairing correlations are described by the pairing part of the finite range Gogny interaction. The new density-dependent effective interaction DD-ME1 is tested in the analysis of the equations of state for symmetric and asymmetric nuclear matter, and of groundstate properties of the Sn and Pb isotopic chains. Results of self-consistent RHB calculations are compared with experimental data, and with results previously obtained in the RHB model with non-linear self-interactions, as well as in the density dependent relativistic hadron field (DDRH) model. Parity-violating elastic electron scattering on Pb and Sn nuclei is calculated using a relativistic optical model with inclusion of Coulomb distortion effects, and the resulting asymmetry parameters are related to the neutron ground-state density distributions.
A relativistic nuclear energy density functional is developed, guided by two important features that establish connections with chiral dynamics and the symmetry breaking pattern of low-energy QCD: a) strong scalar and vector fields related to inmedium changes of QCD vacuum condensates; b) the long-and intermediate-range interactions generated by one-and two-pion exchange, derived from in-medium chiral perturbation theory, with explicit inclusion of ∆(1232) excitations. Applications are presented for binding energies, radii of proton and neutron distributions and other observables over a wide range of spherical and deformed nuclei from 16 O to 210 P o. Isotopic chains of Sn and P b nuclei are studied as test cases for the isospin dependence of the underlying interactions. The results are at the same level of quantitative comparison with data as the best phenomenological relativistic mean-field models.
We derive a microscopic relativistic point-coupling model of nuclear many-body dynamics constrained by in-medium QCD sum rules and chiral symmetry. The effective Lagrangian is characterized by density dependent coupling strengths, determined by chiral one-and two-pion exchange and by QCD sum rule constraints for the large isoscalar nucleon self-energies that arise through changes of the quark condensate and the quark density at finite baryon density. This approach is tested in the analysis of the equations of state for symmetric and asymmetric nuclear matter, and of bulk and single-nucleon properties of finite nuclei. In comparison with purely phenomenological mean-field approaches, the built-in QCD constraints and the explicit treatment of pion exchange restrict the freedom in adjusting parameters and functional forms of density dependent couplings. It is shown that chiral (two-pion exchange) fluctuations play a prominent role for nuclear binding and saturation, whereas strong scalar and vector fields of about equal magnitude and opposite sign, induced by changes of the QCD vacuum in the presence of baryonic matter, generate the large effective spin-orbit potential in finite nuclei.
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