RESUMO:Objetivou-se avaliar a eficiência de sistemas alagados construídos (SACs), cultivados com dois diferentes capins e cinco taxas de carregamento orgânico (TCOs) na remoção de poluentes de águas residuárias de indústria de laticínios (ARL). Para isso, unidades experimentais foram constituídas por um SAC sem vegetação (SV), cinco SACs cultivados com capim-elefante (SACs-CF) e cinco SACs cultivados com capim-tifton 85 (SACs-CT), com escoamento subsuperficial horizontal. A ARL foi aplicada numa vazão média de 60 L d-1 e tempo de residência hidráulica de 4,8 dias e TCOs de 66; 130; 190; 320 e 570 kg ha -1 d -1 de DBO 5 . Os SACs mostraram-se eficientes na remoção da DBO, DQO e dos SSTs, STs e NTKs, porém foram pouco eficientes na remoção de P-total, K e Na da ARL. As duas forrageiras avaliadas apresentaram semelhante influência no processo de remoção de DBO 5 , DQO, ST, SST, P-total, K e Na, quando comparadas com sistemas que operaram com mesma taxa de carregamento orgânico, tendo as remoções de DBO e DQO ficado na faixa de 79 a 96 % e 85 a 97 %, respectivamente. O SAC sem vegetação (SV) apresentou desempenho semelhante ao dos SACs vegetados na remoção de DBO 5 , DQO, ST, SST e Na, enquanto o cultivado com capim-tifton foi mais eficiente na remoção de NTK. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:tratamento de resíduos, leitos cultivados, sistemas wetlands. PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS SYSTEMS IN POLLUTANTS REMOVAL OF DAIRY INDUSTRY WASTEWATER ABSTRACT:The objective for this research was evaluate the efficiency of constructed wetlands systems (CWS), cultivated with two different grasses and five organic loading rates (OLRs), in the removal of pollutants from dairy industry wastewater (DIW). For this, experimental units were formed by a CWS without vegetation (CWS-SV), with five CWS cultivated elephant grass (CWS-EG) and five cultivated with Tifton 85 grass (CWS-TG), with horizontal subsurface flow. The DW has been applied in average flow of 60 L day -1 and hydraulic residence time of 4.8 days and average surface organic loading rates (OLR) of 66, 130, 190, 320 and 570 kg ha -1 day -1 of BOD. The CWS were efficient in removal BOD 5 , COD, TSS, TS and TKN, but were inefficient in P-total, K and Na removal of the DIW. The two evaluated grass had similar influence in the BOD 5 , COD, TS, TSS, total-P, K and Na removal, when compared with systems that operated with the same OLR and the removal of BOD 5 and COD were in range 79-96 % and 85-97 %. The CWS-SV performance was similar to the cultivated CWS in the removal of BOD 5 , COD, TS, TSS and Na, but while the cultivated with tifton was more efficient in removing TKN.KEYWORDS: waste treatment, cultivated beds, wetlands systems. INTRODUÇÃOO uso da água no processamento de alimentos gera grandes quantidades de efluentes líquidos que necessitam ser tratados antes do seu lançamento em corpos hídricos receptores. Dentre as indústrias alimentícias, a contribuição dos laticínios na poluição dos corpos hídricos é muito expressiva, visto que o beneficiamento do leite gera considerável carga po...

RESUMOObjetivou-se, neste trabalho, avaliar a capacidade extratora de duas espécies vegetais quando cultivadas em sistemas alagados construídos (SAC) utilizados no tratamento de águas residuárias de laticínios (ARL Extraction capacity of plants grown in constructed wetland systems used for treatment of dairy wastewater ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to evaluate the extraction capacity of two plant species when grown in constructed wetland systems (CWS) used for dairy wastewater (DW) treatment. The experimental units were formed by five CWS grown with Pennisetum purpureum schum grass and five CWS cultivated with grass tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.), with horizontal subsurface flow. The DW was applied at an average flow of 60 L d -1 and hydraulic residence time of 4.8 days, and subjected to organic loading rates (ORL) of 66, 130, 190, 320 and 570 kg ha -1 d -1 of BOD. The grass tifton 85 extracted more nitrogen and sodium, while the elephant grass extracted a larger amount of potassium from the DW, when grown under the evaluated organic loading rates (ORL). The concentration of phosphorus in aerial parts of plants and extraction capacity were similar in the two grasses, however, there is evidence of an increase in the extraction this nutrient, by the grass tifton 85, with the increase of the ORL applied in the CWS.

R ESU M OObjetivou-se, com a realização deste trabalho, obter o ajuste do modelo matemático adaptado de cinética de primeira ordem e os respectivos parâmetros cinéticos para descrição da degradação da matéria orgânica em SACs cultivados com lírio amarelo (Hemerocallis flava), no tratamento de esgoto doméstico. Os SACs foram cultivados com lírio amarelo e submetidos a diferentes taxas de carregamento orgânico superficial (TCOs) de esgoto doméstico: 44; 98; 230 e 395 kg ha -1 d -1 de DBO. O modelo matemático adaptado de decaimento do material orgânico apresentou bom ajuste e descreveu adequadamente a cinética de remoção de matéria orgânica (DQO) nos sistemas avaliados apresentando, geralmente, R 2 superior a 75%. Em ordem crescente de TCO valores de coeficientes de degradação (Kv) foram, respectivamente, de 0,45; 0,69; 1,23 e 1,72 d -1 , considerados baixos para os dois primeiros SACs e normais para os outros dois, e os valores de "n" de 0,448; 0,107; 0,327 e 0,461, na faixa normalmente encontrada na literatura. Palavras-chave: wetlands construídos, plantas ornamentais, cinética de degradaçãoOrganic matter removal kinetics in constructed wetlands cultivated with yellow lily A B ST R A C T This work aimed to obtain the adjustment of the mathematical model adapted from the first order kinetics and its respective parameters for describing the organic matter degradation in constructed wetlands (CWs) planted with yellow lily (Hemerocallis flava) for the treatment of domestic sewage. The CWs were cultivated with yellow lily and subjected to different surface organic loading rates (TCOs) of domestic sewage: 44, 98, 230 and 395 kg ha -1 day -1 BOD. The mathematical model adapted from the decay of organic material showed a good fit and adequately described the kinetics of removal of organic matter (COD) in the evaluated systems, with generally more than 75% R 2 . In ascending order of TCO values of degradation coefficients (Kv) were, respectively, of 0.45, 0.69, 1.23 and 1.72 d -1 , considered low for the first two CWs and normal for the other two, and the values of "n" of 0.448, 0.107, 0.327 and 0.461 in the range normally found in the literature.

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Studies on the use of agricultural residues as an alternative to commercial substrates have become fundamental tominimising the risk of environmental contamination resulting from inadequate disposal, as well as reducing seedling production costs. This research involved an evaluation of growth variables and quality of cucumber seedlings produced in substrates with different compositions of agricultural waste with a view to providing substitutes for commercial substrate. The experiment was based on a completely randomised design, with six treatments and ten replicates. There were five treatments with increasing proportions of moinha/decreasing proportions of carbonized rice husk (0/40, 10/30, 20/20, 30/10 and 40/0%) and fixed proportions of coconut fibre (15%), eggshell (5%), pine bark (40%), and one commercial substrate treatment as the control (Bioplant®). The variables evaluated were: electrical conductivity of the substrate, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, Dickson quality index (DQI) and dry matter of roots and above ground parts. Results show that alternative substrates can replace commercial substrate without impairing the quality of cucumber seedlings. However, the substrate containing 40% of moinha, 0% of rice husk, 15% of coconut fibre, 5% of eggshell and 40% of pine bark resulted in the highest values for all evaluated variables and appears to be the most promising alternative substrate for the production of cucumber seedlings.