No abstract

In patients previously treated with zoledronic acid, denosumab reduces bone turnover more than zoledronic acid, but the increases in LS BMD are comparable. Furthermore, denosumab administration results in reversible inhibition of the metabolically significant endogenous free soluble RANKL levels. Serum sclerostin is not affected by either agent.

On the basis of our data in a large group of clinically euadrenal subjects, we suggest that following LDDST cortisol concentrations should become undetectable with the currently used radioimmunoassays. In patients with adrenal incidentalomas, application of the LDDST confirmed the presence of incomplete suppression of cortisol in the majority of patients. We suggest that the LDDST is a sensitive index of autonomous cortisol production in patients with adrenal incidentalomas; following this test a grading of subtle glucocorticoid excess may be obtained but future studies correlating biochemical, clinical and epidemiological data are required, in order to develop widely agreed cut-off levels of clinically significant glucocorticoid excess in these patients.

It is concluded that higher post-low dose dexamethasone cortisol concentrations are associated with lower ACTH and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, higher midnight cortisol concentrations and larger adenomas. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that post-low dose dexamethasone cortisol concentrations represent a useful index in assessing subtle glucocorticoid autonomy in patients with adrenal adenomas.

The prevalence of subjects who met the criteria adopted to define positive cortisol and ACTH responses to the desmopressin test was significantly higher in the group of patients with Cushing's disease than in the group of patients with obesity. It is therefore suggested that this test may be occasionally useful in the differentiation between simple obesity and the pituitary-dependent form (but not other forms) of Cushing's syndrome.