Prognosis and appropriate treatment goals for older adults with diabetes vary greatly according to frailty. It is now recognised that changes may be needed to diabetes management in some older people. Whilst there is clear guidance on the evaluation of frailty and subsequent target setting for people living with frailty, there remains a lack of formal guidance for healthcare professionals in how to achieve these targets.

This study highlights a number of gender- and age-specific findings with regards to sun protection. There are knowledge, attitude, and behavior deficiencies within each demographic group that need to be specifically targeted through educational and public health efforts in order to improve general sun protection measures and decrease the incidence of skin cancers.

The use of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) antagonists is increasing in the field of dermatology. These agents have been used for multiple inflammatory and immune skin conditions, but most notably, psoriasis. Adverse effects of anti-TNF-α agents have been reported, including the paradoxical development of sarcoidosis. We present an unusual case of limited cutaneous sarcoidosis developing while the patient was on etanercept therapy, and a review of the current literature.

This study highlights a number of significant deficiencies that future sun-protection programmes could target in order to improve the general public's knowledge and attitudes towards sun protection. There is also a need for this to be translated into the public's sun-protection behaviour.

Therapeutic inertia was present only in about a fifth of patient patients with diabetes being managed by primary care physicians with an interest in diabetes.