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C2 deficiency is the most common complement component deficiency. While individuals with C2 deficiency may be completely normal, a lupus erythematosus-like disease process has developed in some. A 28-year-old woman had a chronic photodermatitis, arthralgias, and mesangial lupus nephritis, She has C2 deficiency associated with an HLA-Dw2 transplantation antigen. Her serum has shown antibodies to the macromolecule Ro (the A antigen in Sjögren's syndrome), while failing to demonstrate antinuclear antibodies in routine laboratory determinations.

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