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Nanobiotechnology is an emerging biological branch of nanotechnology. Application of nanoparticles with specific size and shape in biology has already shown unforeseen and interesting results. A study was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic potential of phytogenically derived aloin mediated nanosilver particles (AAgNPs), prepared by reduction of silver nitrate with aloin, in Staphylococcus aureus induced murine mastitis. A total of 40 female mice were divided into five groups of eight animals each. Group I served as lactating control, groups II-V were inoculated with 20 μl of 24 h broth culture of S. aureus containing 4.0 × 105 cfu/quarter under ketamine anaesthesia. After 6 h post inoculation, groups III and IV received 20 μl of aloin nanosilver (AAgNPs) through intramammary and intraperitoneal routes, respectively. Group V received antibiotic cefepime at 1 mg/kg body weight through the intra-peritoneal route. After 18 h post-treatment, serum C reactive protein, weights of mammary glands, mammary gland bacterial load, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances content, reduced glutathione content, superoxide dismutase activity and catalase activity and histopathology were determined. The compound showed a minimum inhibitory concentration of 21.8 ng/ml against S. aureus. Significant reduction (98%) in poly-morpho nuclear cell infiltration was observed with AAgNPs than antibiotic (50%).

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Antibacterial activity is related to compounds that locally kill bacteria or slow down their growth, without being in general toxic to surrounding tissue. In this review, we mentioned the antibacterial property of different nanoparticles and their effects. Antibacterial agents are significant in the textile industry, medicine, food packaging, and water disinfection. In this study, we compared the antibacterial property of silver nanoparticles; silver coated gold nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticle and iron nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles can also be produced by biological methods because of the abundance of renewable, cost-effective and biodegradable materials while comparing the properties Au nanoparticles are biocompatible and relatively simple to prepare. The Zn nanoparticles did not require the protection layer to prevent the degradation of the performance of the antibacterial effect. The study of iron nanoparticles pattern with bacteria interface which affects the antibacterial property of IO NP. Ag NP-GT can be employed as a cytotoxic bactericidal agent, whereas Ag NP-OB (7.5 nm) as a biocompatible bactericidal agent. Au-Ag NPs immobilization on cellulose paper could be a valuable antibacterial technology for applications such as food packaging, clothing, wound dressings, and other personal care products. The chitosan coating of IONP result in an interface that enhances ROS production, hence the antimicrobial activity.