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Some physical properties of palmyrah fruit were investigated in this study. The average values of major, medium, minor and geometric mean diameters of fresh whole palmyrah fruit were 11.54,10.45, 9.85 and 10.64 cm respectively at 47.34 % (w.b) moisture content whereas that of palmyrah nut were 8.59, 7.35, 4.99 and 6.79 cm respectively at 8% (w.b) moisture content. Sphericity, surface area and aspect ratio were found to be 91.94%, 359.17 cm2 and 0.90 for fruit and whereas that of nut were 79.19%, 145.16 cm2 and 0.86 respectively. The average mass of the individual palmyrah fruit and nut was 927.78 and 248.10 g whereas bulk density was 525.92 and 693.0 kg/m3 respectively. The coefficient of static friction on mild steel, glass and plywood surfaces were 0.27, 0.21 and 0.25 for palmyrah fruit and 0.36, 0.28 and 0.27 for nut respectively. The angle of repose of palmyrah fruit and nut were 30.77 and 44.03 respectively.

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Fishtail palm (Caryota urens) are well known landscaping plants today and is widespread in peninsular India and Sri Lanka. They are multipurpose species with a variety of applications and thus very heavily utilized. Caryota urens, known as Jirika in Andhra Pradesh and Giraka in Telangana states, is a native rainforest species of tropical Asia. It is also one of the most common trees in the perennial forest gardens of high altitude areas of southern India. Also called as fishtail palm or sago palm and is traditionally tapped for sap from which alcoholic beverages are prepared. Tapping palms is the domain of tribal people in local area of Andhra Pradesh who are traditionally involved in tapping and utilisation. This paper focuses on the traditional knowledge from tappers pertaining to management of palm, its uses and tapping activities. The potential economic value of fishtail palm is assessed. The ecological and economic importance of developing markets for fishtail or sago palm. Fishtail palm will yield throughout the year like coconut palms, but during periods of high humidity and rain, the supply of sap increases noticeably. Tribal men used to climb the palms for tapping, and women process for cleaning and transfer into vessels for transport and sells the toddy at nearby huts and road side. Each tribal family gets an income of 30000 to 50000 per year from each palm which is considered as family tree for tribal community in agency area.

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