Objectives:The present study was designed to determine and compare the skeletal, dentoalveolar and soft tissue effects produced by the Advansync functional appliance and intermaxillary NiTi coil springs in the treatment of growing patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion. Subjects and methods: A sample of 19 growing patients, as evaluated by hand wrist radiographs, with age range 12-15 years was divided into two groups. Group I patients were treated with the Advansync appliance (n=10) and Group II patients were treated using intermaxillary NiTi coil springs (n=9). The study was conducted using lateral cephalograms taken before appliance insertion and immediately after appliance removal. Treatment changes were evaluated for each group and compared between both groups. Data were analyzed using Paired sample t-test for each group and Independent t-test for comparing groups together. Results: The use of Advansync and fixed appliances (Group I) resulted in significant decrease in SNA and ANB angles (p≤0.001). Dental changes included retroclination of maxillary teeth, proclination and intrusion of mandibular teeth as well as mesialization of mandibular molars (p≤0.001). On the other hand, SNA and ANB showed non-significant changes for patients treated with intermaxillary NiTi coil springs (Group II) (p≥0.05). While dental changes included retroclination of maxillary teeth, proclination and intrusion of mandibular teeth as well as mesialization of mandibular molars (p≤0.001) which were greater in Group II than Group I. The effects of both treatment modalities showed significant increases in total mandibular length and anterior facial height (p≤0.01 and p≤0.05) with no significant difference between both groups. Lower lip to PtV was the Codex : 44/1810 azhardentj@azhar.edu.eg only soft tissue measurement with significant changes (p≤0.05) for each group and was non-significant when the two groups were compared together. Conclusion: Both treatment modalities were effective in treating Class II division 1 malocclusion. The Advansync appliance produced its effect through maxillary growth restriction and dentoalveolar changes. While the effects of intermaxillary NiTi coil springs were only dentoalveolar, but more than the Advansync appliance.
Introduction: The mandible is the strongest bone in the human body and persists in a wellpreserved state longer than any other bone. One of mandibular characteristic that can prove very helpful for age and gender determination is mental foramen. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the radiographic position of mental foramen in relation to anatomical structures in different age groups in some male and female Egyptians. Subjects and Methods: The study group comprised a total of 200 patients; 100 males (aging from 8.7 to 66.0 years old) and 100 females (aging from 8.4 to 66.5 years old), attending the outpatient clinics of the Faculty of Dental Medicine for girls, Al Azhar University, in Cairo, and required panoramic radiography for various dental treatments. The study population was divided into five age groups; 8-12 years, 13-17 years, 18-30 years, 31-50 years, and 51-70 years. On panoramic radiographs, the following parameters were measured; MF-ML: distance from mental foramen to the midline, MF-ABC: distance from mental foramen to the alveolar bone crest, MF-BM: distance from mental foramen to the base of mandible. These measurements were compared between different age groups and both sexes. Results: The results indicated that the mean values of the distance between mental foramen and the midline (MF-ML), the alveolar bone crest (MF-ABC) and the base of mandible (MF-BM) increase in a significant accelerating manner in children, become stable after the age of 18 and after the age of 50 the mental foramen becomes closer to the alveolar crest. As regards sex difference, males showed higher mean values than females in all measurements in all age groups except in the age group (8-12) years. Conclusion: This study concluded that the position of mental foramen varies with age, and there is a gender related variation in its position. Using mental foramen position measurements may be helpful to predict age and sex on panoramic radiographs for Egyptians. Recommendation: Further research and studies are needed with extensive and large number of samples from different districts of Egypt, in order to accurate assessment of position of mental foramen in Egyptians that would help in establishing its role in forensic applications.
Purpose: To assess maxillary sinuses dimensions and the volume using Cone Beam Computed Tomography .Explore whether these parameters can be used to gender determination. Material and methods: Left and Right maxillary sinus images were obtained for one hundred Egyptian patients divided into three age groups and different parameters (length, width, height, perimeter, Area, and volume) were measured and calculated. Mean value and standard deviation of left and right sides of maxillary sinuses measurements were evaluated and compared. The data was directed to statistical analysis using independent t and (ANOVA) test. Results: Comparison maxillary sinus (MS) dimensions ( length, width, Height, Perimeter, Area and Volume) between male and female with in same age groups. Showed higher mean values in males. However, this difference showed a statistical significance in height only in all three age groups. Conclusion:Maxillary sinus height can be used as a support in forensic medicine for sex identification.
Purpose:The goal of the this study is to measure absorbed dose of oral tissues such as oral mucosa, salivary gland and bone after exposure to ionizing radiation through panoramic radiograph and cone beam CT. Subjects and Methods: about 50 Egyptian patients were selected in this study who were referred to the department of oral medicine, periodontology, oral diagnosis & radiology, Faculties of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar university for panoramic or cone beam examination for various dental purposes. Patients were divided into two groups (25 patients each). First Group was subjected to panoramic examination and the second one was subjected to cone beam examination. The systems used were a Planmeca Viso CBCT and Orthopantomogram OP-100 panorama. Assessment of the patient radiation dose was done by thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) on the patients. The absorbed radiation dose is then recorded. Data was then analyzed, and statistical calculations were performed. Results: The absorbed radiation skin doses ranged between (130 µGy, 2817.8 µGy) in panorama and (327.99 µGy, 11994 µGy) in CBCT for one exposure. When digital panoramic unit and CBCT were compared, panoramic imaging is 25-37% of CBCT. Parotid gland and oral mucosa absorbed the greatest radiation dose for all panoramic and CBCT patients. CBCT radiation doses are considerably higher than those of digital panoramic unit. Conclusion: The prospective benefits of CBCT in maxillofacial disciplinary are undoubted; but, it is important that their use be totally justified above conventional technique before they are done.
The need to estimate the age of living individuals becomes more frequent, because of the increasing number of immigrants (illegal or otherwise) without acceptable identification documents and with missing or uncertain birth dates. In the recent years, evaluation of cervical vertebrae has been increasingly used to determine skeletal maturation. Aim:The aim of this study was to establish two new formulae for objectively evaluatingskeletal maturation of cervical vertebrae inmale and female Egyptianchildren usinglateral cephalometric radiographs. Methods: The cases were selected from patients attending the clinics of the Faculty of Dental Medicine for girls, Al Azhar University, in Cairo. They were assessed into two groups. The first groupincluded 100 children; 50 males (aging from 8.45 to 15.75 years oldwith a mean age of12.41years) and 50 females (aging from 8.2 to 15.5 years oldwith a mean age of 11.9 years). The cervical vertebral bodies of C3 and C4were traced and measured.Regression formulae were developed to determinecervical vertebral bone age. The second group of lateral cephalometric and hand-wrist radiographs of 50 children; 25 males (aging from 8.25 to 15.85 years old with a mean age of 11.7 years) and 25 females (aging from 8.5 to 15.65 years old with a mean age of 12.12years) was used to verify the reliabilityof these developed regression formulae.Results:The results indicated that there was a statistical significant positive correlation between estimated cervical vertebral bone age (CVBA) and chronological age (r = 0.976 in males and 0.931 in females). Also there was a statistical significant positive correlation between estimated cervical vertebral bone age (CVBA) and estimated hand bone age (HBA) (r = 0.960 in males and 0.942 in females). Conclusion: These results suggest that cervical vertebral bone age reflects skeletal maturity because it approximates hand bone age, which is considered to be the most reliable method for evaluating skeletal maturation. Using cervical vertebral bone age may be helpful to estimate age in a detailed and objective manner on cephalometric radiographsforEgyptian children.
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