Skin is the major organ of the human body which plays a vital role in maintaining health of human being. Certain diseases defined as infectious or communicable diseases are caused by pathogenic organisms. Some of the most common causative microorganisms related with infections include Staphylococcus aureus, Mycobacterium species, Lactobacillus species, Entrococcus species, Enterobacter aerogenes and Corynebacterium species. Most of the diseases spread by the bacteria which invade inside the body through skin. Bacterial infections on skin are the common ailment for generation of other disease in the body. Bacterial diseases are type of infectious diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria. These infections disturb the body immune system and causes inflammation, tissue damage and thus resulting in delayed wound healing process. The present study was undertaken to investigate the antibacterial effect of bitter leaf extract on pathogenic organisms isolated from wound. The antibacterial activities of bitter leaf extract (V, amygdalina) were determined against wound pathogens isolated from our study using Disc diffusion method for antibiotic sensitivity. The prevalence of the isolated wound pathogens were Corynebacterium species (80%), Staphylococcus aureus (50%), and Enterobacter aerogenes (30%). All the extracts showed marked antibacterial activity but to varied zones of inhibition.
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a gram positive coccal bacterium which is normally a skin flora but may cause opportunistic infections such as skin and soft tissue infections, bacteremia and necrotizing fasciitis. Twenty (20) clinical specimens were collected from healthy (10) persons and unhealthy (10) persons. These samples were collected from different sources such as ear, wound, vagina swab and urine. A total of (10) S. aureus isolates was obtained and screened for methicillin resistance by using oxacillin disc (10kg). Ten S. aureus were found to be methicillin resistant. Sensitivity test of these methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) revealed resistance to all penicillin derivatives and to a greater extent gentamicin, argumetin and ofloxacin. The effect of time duration on the killing kinetics of gentamicin, amoxicillin and a combination of the two MRSA was also determined. Result showed that MRSA was susceptible to gentamicin at a range of (2.5 -4.2) at a concentration of 1000mg/ml and (2.0 -4.3) at a concentration of 500mg/ml and amoxicillin at a range of (1.4 -3.1) at a concentration of 1000mg/ml and (1.4 -2.9) at a concentration of 500mg/ml of the antibiotics and the combination of these antibiotics which has a range of (3.3 -3.8) at a concentration of 1000mg/ml and (2.7 -3.7) at a concentration of 500mg/ml will give a synergy and it can be used against MRSA.
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