KOPROSKI, L.; SILVA, O. P. da; SANTOS, C. A. M.; FEBRÔNIO, A. M. B.; SANTANA, F. T. de; VERGARA-PARENTE, J. E. Perfil epidemiológico da fibropapilomatose em tartarugas-marinhas encalhadas entre o litoral sul de Alagoas e norte da Bahia, Nordeste do Brasil. Arq. Ciênc. Vet. Zool. UNIPAR, Umuarama, v. 20, n. 2, p. 49-56, abr./jun. 2017. RESUMO: Em um intervalo de quatro anos, a prevalência da fibropapilomatose em tartarugas encalhadas em uma região do nordeste do Brasil compreendida entre o sul de Alagoas e o norte da Bahia foi de 16% em Chelonia mydas, 2% em Caretta caretta e 0,6% em Lepidochelys olivacea. C. mydas acometidas apresentaram biometria média de 0,49m de Comprimento Curvilíneo da Carapaça -CCC. Machos e fêmeas foram igualmente acometidos, numa média de 22%. Pela análise de 1231 registros fotográficos, a média foi de 13 tumores por C. mydas. Nessa espécie 76,77% dos tumores foram registrados na parte anterior do corpo, 17,97% na região posterior, 4,12% na carapaça e plastrão e 1,0% nos globos oculares. Não foram registrados tumores na cavidade oral. C. mydas foram em sua maioria moderadamente afetadas pela doença. L. olivacea acometida apresentou biometria média de 0,69m de CCC. Machos e fêmeas foram atingidas numa média de 1,0%. Os tumores em L. olivacea foram observados na porção anterior e posterior do corpo. Somente um indivíduo do sexo masculino de C. caretta, com biometria de 1,03m de CCC apresentou sinal da doença. A C. caretta apresentava um tumor externo pedunculado na região cervical, de tamanho entre 1,1cm e 4,0cm de diâmetro. As prevalências da fibropapilomatose em Eretmochelys imbricata e Dermochelys coriacea foram de 0,0%. A prevalência da fibropapilomatose em C. mydas segue padrões encontrados para a costa brasileira. No entanto, a doença se manifesta com severidade levemente superior a encontrada no litoral da região sudeste do país. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Neoplasia. Tartaruga-verde. Tartaruga-oliva. Tartaruga-cabeçuda. ABSTRACT:In a four-year review, the prevalence of fibropapillomatosis in turtles stranded in the region located in northeast of Brazil encompassing Southern Alagoas and Northern Bahia was 16% in Chelonia mydas, 2% in Caretta caretta and 0.6% in Lepidochelys olivacea. The affected C. mydas presented an average 0.49m Curvilinear Carapace Length -CCL. The disease affected 20% male and female C. mydas. By analyzing 1231 photos, C. mydas presented an average of 13 tumors. Regarding the tumor locations in C. mydas, 76.77% were recorded in the anterior body part, 17.97% in the posterior body region, 4.12% in the carapace and plastron, and 1.0% in the eyeballs. Oral cavity tumors were not found in C. mydas. C. mydas were mostly moderately affected by the disease. Affected L. olivacea presented an average 0.69m CCL. The disease equally affected 1.0% male and female individuals in that specie. Tumors were observed in L. olivacea in the anterior and posterior portion of the body. Only one male C. caretta presenting 1.03m CCL had signs of the disease, presenting one external tumor in the...
A partir do ano de 2011, o médico veterinário foi integrado às equipes multiprofissionais do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF), denominação esta da Portaria MS 2.488/2011, alterada para Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica (Nasf-AB) pela Portaria Ms 2.436/2017, apesar de ser considerado como profissional da saúde pelo Conselho Nacional de Saúde (CNS) desde 1988 pela resolução CNS 287/1998. O médico veterinário atua principalmente em epidemiologia e formas de prevenção e controle das enfermidades causadas por alimentos de origem animal em humanos, além do controle e prevenção das zoonoses para promoção da saúde humana. Objetivou-se relatar a vivência dos médicos veterinários residentes, da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, durante sua atuação no (Nasf-AB), do município de Jaboatão dos Guararapes, Pernambuco, Brasil, no período de Outubro a Dezembro de 2017. Durante o período da vivência foram realizadas várias atividades, como visitas domiciliares, matriciamento, atividades de educação em saúde em sala de espera, e participação em reuniões sobre discussão de casos. Este relato demonstra a importância da execução das atividades práticas realizadas no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), durante o programa de residência na área profissional da saúde em Medicina Veterinária.
Background: Cryptococcosis is an important zoonotic disease that occurs worldwide. The disease is caused by a soilborne opportunistic fungus of the genus Cryptococcus, which can also be found in the feces of birds, especially pigeons. In Brazil, the geographical distribution of the agent is fairly defined, with the species C. gattii predominantly found in thenorth-eastern states. Diagnosis is based on the clinical history, physical examination findings, and results of complementary testing, such as cytopathological and histopathological examinations. This report aims to describe the clinical and anatomopathological findings in a case of systemic cryptococcosis in a dog.Case: A 4-year-old female Miniature Schnauzer was referred for necropsy. For 3 months prior to death, the dog had displayed generalized alopecia, pruritus, and severe weight loss, Initially, a private veterinarian had suspected leishmaniasis. Gross examination was performed and samples for cytopathology, histopathology, and fungal culture were obtained. Themacroscopic examination revealed generalized alopecia, congested mucosa, cachexia, hyperemia of the brain, and multiple white nodules measuring 0.5 cm to 4 cm in the lungs and the kidneys. None of the other organs showed significant lesions. Cytopathological examination of the nodules revealed a highly cellular sample, with a severe chronic inflammatory response, characterized by multinucleated giant cells and round-to-elliptical, yeast-shaped structures (5-10 μm), suggestive ofCryptococcus organisms. Histopathological examination of the lungs, kidneys, and brain revealed a severe diffuse chronic inflammatory process, with lymphocytic infiltration and multinucleated giant cells; countless yeast-shaped, round-to-ovoid structures (similar in appearance to “soap bubbles”) that were negative in hematoxylin-eosin stain were also present.Grocott’s methenamine silver stain was then applied, which positively stained the organism capsules black, confirming Cryptococcus. For mycological diagnosis, samples from the lungs nodules were cultured on Sabouraud’s dextrose agar supplemented with chloramphenicol 0.4% and incubated for 7 days at 25-30ºC. Abundant small, smooth, irregular-sized,cream-colored colonies were obtained, and a mycological smear, stained by India ink, was performed.Discussion: Considered an uncommon disease, canine cryptococcosis can be misdiagnosed. Clinical findings, such as alopecia, lymphadenopathy, and cutaneous nodules that may be ulcerated, are commonly seen in these patients due to the hematogenous spread of the organism. In the case described, the dog’s owner was contacted and asked to provide epidemiological information. The owner reported that the dog had lived in an apartment, with little access to the street; however, pigeons were frequently observed on the balcony, along with pigeon feces in the dog feeder. The presence of pigeon feces is a risk factor for the development and spread of the fungus, which may be problematic to public health. Cytopathological examination is a simple, quick diagnostic tool with good sensitivity for some infectious agents. Mycological culture can provide results due to the characteristic of the Cryptococcus sp., since the encapsulated yeast produces a mucous-like colony. Cryptococcosis has a relevant role in public health, so a precise diagnosis is imperative. Its diagnosis is based upon culture, cytology and serological tools. When the animal does not survive to the ilness, the association between necropsyfindings and histopathological examinations is essencial.Keywords: canine, diagnostic, yeast, anatomopathology.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the main nonconformities that result in cytopathological samples inappropriate for diagnosis in veterinary medicine. All cytopathological samples, obtained from different canine and feline tissues/lesions, included in the study were received and classified as inconclusive by a single public laboratory of veterinary pathology, located in Pernambuco State, Brazil, between 2012 and 2016. Nonconformities regarding the smear quality, cellularity, presence or absence of hemorrhage, cellular overlapping, desiccation, and presence or absence of necrotic debris and/or artifacts were evaluated. Data were tabulated using Microsoft Excel 2007; absolute and relative frequencies were calculated using EPIINFO 3.5.2. From the 3268 cases received between 2012 and 2016, 190 cases were selected and comprised 514 inconclusive slides. The most frequent nonconformities detected were insufficient/absence of cellularity in 100% (514/514), inadequate submacroscopic presentation in 87% (446/514), and hemorrhage in 69% (356/514) of samples. Other features identified were cellular overlapping in 34% (175/514), inadequate staining in 31% (175/514), artifacts in 30% (154/514), desiccation in 28% (145/514), and necrotic debris in 26% (133/514) of samples. The implementation of laboratory standard operational procedures aimed at maintaining quality is essential. It is necessary to initially identify the main errors occurring in the processing stages as a way to guide and design strategies to avoid them.
Background: The incidence of cutaneous neoplasms in dogs is high and quite variable. Hemangiosarcoma (HSA) and mast cell tumor (MCT) are commonly diagnosed neoplasms in isolation; however, reports of concomitant occurrence in a single patient are rare. HSA is a malignant mesenchymal neoplasm of endothelial origin; the spleen is the most commonly affected organ. MCT is a common neoplasm that may affect any region of the body, without predilection for sex, although some breeds have shown higher incidence. This report describes a case of HSA and MCT in a Pit bull terrier.Case: A 5-year-old white male Pit bull was presented to the Small Animal Clinic of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco with nodules in preputial region measuring 5,4 x 3,7 cm and an ulcerated nodule in the right lateral thoracic region measuring 23,0 x 19,0 x 5,5 cm. The owner reported surgical excision of two previous nodules one year before the consultation, but neither were submitted for cytopathological or post-surgical histopathological examination. Two months after the procedure, the nodules recurred. Cytopathological examinations of preputial and lateral thoracic nodules were performed, with a suggestive diagnosis for HSA and MCT, respectively. Due to the unfavorable prognosis and the weakness of the animal, euthanasia was elected. Necroscopic examination revealed an ideal body condition score (4/9), hypertrophy of right pre-scapular and axillary lymph nodes, red hepatization in the apical lobe of the right lung, with multiple, soft and pigmented nodules in the spleen, liver, pancreas and testis. Several tissue samples were collected, conditioned in 10% buffered formaldehyde solution, routinely processed for histology, and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue. Microscopically, the lateral thoracic nodule consisted of round cells in cordonal arrangement, with sparse basophilic and discretely granular cytoplasm, and a round, central nucleus with a single evident nucleolus. Some cells were positively marked by toluidine blue, and the neoplasm was classified as grade II MCT. The preputial and digital nodules were confirmed as well-differentiated HSA, with fusiform cells forming vascular structures containing large numbers of erythrocytes and irregular fibrovascular stroma. Metastases of HSA were observed in the lung, liver, spleen, pancreas, and testis. Invasion of mast cells was observed in lymph node.Discussion: Although the etiology of HSA has not yet been clarified, its occurrence in dogs with poorly pigmented skin exposed to ultraviolet light is well established, consistent with observations in this case. MCTs often occur on the pelvic and thoracic limbs, abdomen, and chest. Primary site of HSA may be in any tissue, but it is commonly seen in highly vascular organs such as the spleen. When it occurs on the skin, HSA has more frequently been reported in the preputial and scrotal regions in dogs. For both neoplasms, the locations in this Pit bull corresponded to those commonly reported. MCTs with ulceration, edema, pruritus, and flushing are associated with worse prognosis. Metastasis is a major concern when evaluating oncologic patients. While it is difficult to determine the primary site of HSAs, metastasis often occurs in the lungs and liver. In this case, metastatic lesions were identified in the lungs, liver, spleen, pancreas, and testis by necropsy and histopathology. Fine needle aspiration of neoplasm-suggestive lesions should be performed prior to surgical procedures, especially because of its high sensitivity for MCTs. MCT and HSA are tumors of great significance, due to their high occurrence and variable prognosis. Multidisciplinary diagnostics involving clinical and pathological aspects are essential to guide the prognosis and treatment of these tumors.Mariana Lumack do Monte Barretto, Rômulo Freitas Francelino Dias, Saulo Romero Felix Gonçalves, Órion Pedro da Silva, Roseane Oliveira Feitosa, Stephanie Caroline Gueiros Silva, Valdemiro Amaro da Silva Junior & Andrea Alice da Fonseca Oliveira
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