An epidemiological study was carried out in the northernUntil 1994 only four cases of MCL were recorded in Mexico. These cases were confined to the states of Oaxaca, Veracruz and Tabasco and the causal agent was considered to be L. (L.) mexicana. In the State of Campeche, LCL was found to be caused by members of L. mexicana complex and by members of the L. braziliensis complex (Velasco et al. 1989a,b, OPS/OMSSecretaria de Salud 1994, Perez-Motul et al. 1994, Hernandez-Montes et al. 1998.Between 1987 and 1994, 326 cases of LCL have been recorded in Nayarit. These cases were attributed to infection with L. (L.) mexicana. Diagnosis of LCL was carried out by serology and skin testing, however Leishmania species were not identified. The presence of L. (V.) braziliensis has, until now, not been recorded in Nayarit (OPS/OMS 1994). Calera de Cofrados, district of Nayarit endemic for LCL, is near to the Pacific coast where the climate is hot with high humidity woods with deep hills surrounded by small brooks.
Objective. To study cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), in the Calakmul municipality of the Campeche State, during two years. Materials and methods. Individuals with skin lesions were evaluated. Aspirates taken from the lesions were cultured, PCR was performed to diagnose the Leishmania species. Results. The culture detected 42% of the samples. PCR diagnosed CL in 76% of the samples; of those 38% were from children and 62% from adults. 89% of the patients were infected with L. mexicana; 14.4% with Mexican strains of L.mexicana; 7% with L. braziliensis; 3.6% with L. mexicana and L. braziliensis. The most affected villages with CL were Dos Lagunas Sur with 12.3%, La Mancolona with 6.5% and La Guadalupe with 2.2% of prevalence, respectively. After the treatment with Glucantime, 96% of the patients were healed. Conclusion. CL is an important public health concern in Calakmul, and the parasite causing it belongs to Leishmania mexicana and Leishmania braziliensis complexes.
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