Throughout
the past decade, investigations of thick thermoset thiol–ene
networks (TENs) have become increasingly prominent in the literature
due to facile, quantitative synthesis giving rise to unique network
characteristics, specifically high mechanical energy damping. This
article reports the synthesis and thermomechanical properties of ternary
thiol–thiol–ene systems that exhibit tunable glass transitions
that maintain high, narrow tan δ values in the glass transition
region. We begin with a base network of a trifunctional thiol and
a trifunctional ene and then systematically substitute the trifunctional
thiol with a series of difunctional thiols while maintaining stoichiometric
balance between total thiol and ene content. The resultant ternary
networks exhibit glass transition temperatures that follow the Fox
equation. In contrast to other ternary thiol–ene networks,
we observe minimal broadening of the glass transition region, which
implies that we can retain the energy-absorbing capabilities of the
thiol–ene system. This approach has high potential as a simple
tool for scientists and researchers to tune T
gs for select networks without detrimentally affecting other
physical properties.
In this study, a series of thiol-ene networks having glass transition temperatures ranging from -30 to 60 °C were synthesized utilizing several multifunctional thiols and two trifunctional alkenes. Thermomechanical properties were determined using dynamic mechanical analysis, and impact properties were determined using pendulum impact and drop impact testing protocols. The impact behavior was found to directly correlate to the glass transition temperature, except when the temperature at which the impact event occurs overlaps with the range of temperatures corresponding to the viscoelastic dissipation regime of the polymer. Additionally, we discuss insight into the spatial limitations of energy dissipation for thiol-ene network polymers and establish a platform for predictability in similar systems.
We report the physical properties of thiol-ene networks modified with thiourethane or urethane linkages, either along the main chain or as a branched component in the network, respectively. Because of the robust and orthogonal nature of thiol-isocyanate and thiol-ene reactions, these networks can be formed in a two-step, one-pot synthesis. Resultant networks were characterized using dynamic mechanical analysis, mechanical testing and other complementary techniques. It was found that incorporating (thio)urethanes into the networks increased Tg, but also increased strain at break and toughness while decreasing cross-link density. The changes in physical properties are discussed in terms of a proposed dual network morphology. These facile modifications to thiol-ene networks demonstrate how molecular-level, nanoscale changes can have a profound influence on the macroscale properties through hierarchical development of network morphology.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.