The study aimed to determine the suitability of testing the saliva of kickboxing athletes to show changes in biochemical parameters in dynamic of training. 8 elite male athletes (mean age 17.29± 0.31 years, body mass 66.82± 3.46kg, with 5.62±0.96 years of training experience) participated in the study. Indicators of lipid peroxidation and glycolysis (the concentration of lactic acid and pyruvic acid) were defined before and after a training session. Significant increases in indicators of lipid peroxidation activity indicators and the concentration of lactic acid (4-fold) were observed; analysis of correlation matrices confirms the absence of expressed changes. At the same time, significant decreases in catalase (10-fold from 3.69 μkat/L to 0.39 μkat/L) and pyruvic acid (from 3.92 μl/l to 0.55 μl/l) were observed. Our results confirm the value of using saliva to determine training load in an individual. Moreover, the study provided information on the importance of indexes reflecting a correlation of various biochemical indicators to estimate the sufficiency of training loads. The ease of sampling and informational content of saliva are reasons to use such tests in monitoring athletes' functional state to prevent fatigue.
Introduction: The athletic potential of athletes depends on functional condition parameters. They determine physical and mental performance. Their evaluation is part of the athletes’ condition monitoring in many sports. The purpose of the study was the comparative analysis of the athletes’ functional condition in cyclic and situational sports. Materials and methods: The study involved 31 students from specialized sport school aged 16-17. The participants were divided into two groups depending on the sport: 1st group - 20 martial arts athletes (Greco-Roman wrestling, freestyle wrestling, judo), 2nd group - 11 water sports athletes (swimming). The level of sportsmanship was Candidates and Masters of Sports. The following tests were applied: determination of the individual minute duration (IM) (s), measuring of a 10 cm segment, (cm), and determination of simple hand-eye coordination (SHEyC), (s), and simple hand-ear coordination (SHEaC), (s), “Figures memorizing” technique, solution of 10 sums. Results : The IM test results reflect the predominance of earlier completion of the test. This tendency more expressed in martial arts athletes. The results of measuring a segment were lower in all tests in the 1st group and in 9 tests in the 2nd group. The vision reaction in 4 tests out of 10 was better in martial arts athletes. The response to the auditory stimulus in 5 tests out of 10 and the average result was better in martial arts athletes. The results of figures memorizing test were most often average. The swimmers memorize significantly fewer figures according to 3 tests. The results of the solution of sums were similar. Conclusions : The use of a battery test allows giving a comparative analysis of the functional condition of different sports athletes. The stability of IM test results indicates sufficient adaptation reserves of the participants. The analysis of the results of the measuring of segment test allows evaluating the ability to spatial orientation as an important for success quality in martial arts and water sports. The importance of the response rate for the success of both martial arts athletes and swimmers confirmed. The martial arts athletes’ results were significantly better. This confirms their ability to concentrate, to stay focused longer. The results allow considering the response rate to an auditory stimulus as an important indicator for predicting success. The figures memorizing test also reflects the specificity of sports. It illustrates the ability of athletes to control the environment, manage the situation. This ability is significantly better in martial arts athletes. The dynamics of solving sums results suggest some complexity with a long focusing on the swimmers and better parameters in martial arts athletes. The simplicity, accessibility and informative nature of the used tests suggest their use in the athletes’ functional condition monitoring.
The article deals with the factors of influence on the training and competitive process of karatekas with hearing impairments. To conduct the research, the questionnaire method was used. The questionnaire contained 16 questions. Highly qualified karate fighters from different countries who took part in international competitions, as well as their coaches, were recruited as respondents. The survey was carried out using the google form software application. It was revealed that karate fighters with hearing impairments require a special approach in the training process due to the fact that: it is more difficult for athletes with hearing impairments to get technical training; athletes with hearing impairments should spend more time practicing new combinations of blows compared to healthy athletes; hearing impaired karatekas have a slower reaction rate; it is more difficult for karatekas with hearing impairments to hold attention; Prospects for further research are the development of training programs for karateka with hearing impairments.
Цель: изучение функционального состояния дыхательной системы спортсменов кик-боксинга. Материал и методы: в исследовании принимали участие 17 спортсменов -члены сборной Харьковской области, возраст (17,88±0,58) лет. Антропометрические исследования проводились по общепринятым методикам, определены: масса тела, длина тела, жизненная емкость легких. Оценка физического развития, состояния дыхательной системы производилась с помощью программы СПИРОКОМ. Результаты: физическое развитие спортсменов оценено как среднее и гармоничное. Подтверждено увеличение жизненной емкости легких почти вдвое по сравнению со стандартом. Установлено достоверное увеличение фактического дыхательного объема и минутного объема дыхания по сравнению с должными величинами. Выявлено существенное возрастание времени выдоха, преобладание лиц с большим резервным объемом выдоха. Выводы: установлены повышенные функциональные возможности дыхательной системы, что обусловлено спецификой тренировки в данном виде спорта. ключевые слова: кик-боксинг, дыхательная система, физическое развитие, адаптация.
The article considers the impact of changing training aids during weight training in the gym, without changing the amount of load and intensity. The study involved twenty-eight visitors to the gyms of the city of Kharkov, from 18 to 32 years and experience of one year. The study was conducted in two stages, the duration of each was 2 months. The control group was engaged without changing the exercises, and the experimental group with changing the exercises in the second stage. The volume and intensity of the load did not differ between the groups. Results. Anthropometric indicators were studied at the beginning and end of the second stage of the study. The equipment used Tanita RD 545 scales, an application for the My tanita mobile device, and an elastic band for measuring circles. The experimental group improved their results in the following indicators: body weight, fat percentage, muscle mass, shoulder circumference, chest and thigh circumference. At the end of the study, the experimental group surpassed the control group as a result of the following indicators: body weight, fat percentage, and muscle mass. The results of the circles of the muscle groups at the end of the study did not differ between the groups. Conclusions. Changing such factors of training influence as exercises has a positive effect on the result of fitness training in the gym. Despite the invariability of the amount of load and its intensity, the change in exercises led the participants of the experimental group to a significant improvement in performance, both in comparison with the beginning of the study and in comparison with the control group.
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