Among the areas of improving the training system of athletes, the focus on finding new effective tools and methods of training is one of the most popular ways to improve athletic performance. Therefore, substantiation of the peculiarities of the use of occlusion in the training of highly qualified athletes in classical powerlifting is relevant. The aim is to identify the peculiarities of the use of occlusion in the training of highly qualified powerlifters. To solve this goal, we used the following research methods: analogy, analysis, synthesis, abstraction, induction, extrapolation, generalization of practical experience. The study revealed the features of the use of occlusion in the training of athletes in classical powerlifting. It is recommended to use occlusion devices in isolation and to include only one joint in the performance of exercises. Therefore, in the author's program occlusion means are used exclusively in bench press exercises and squats. In the process of building the training of athletes using the means of collusion, the intensity of the load should be 50-60% of the maximum, the number of repetitions should be 8-15 times and should decrease with each approach. The duration of rest between approaches in the training process using the means of occlusion should be 30 seconds. Means of occlusion should be removed only after the last approach in the exercise, and their implementation should be planned at the end of the main part of the training process.
Despite the active development of classical powerlifting in recent decades, the construction of training athletes in this division was based on the scientific achievements of researchers in equipment powerlifting, based on abrupt planning of sports volume and intensity of increasing load in the structural. Taking into account the impossibility of using significant indicators of volume and intensity in classical powerlifting, it is important to study ways to improve the construction of training powerlifters of different qualifications. The purpose of the study was to substantiate the effectiveness of the application of load component planning in groups of exercises in building the training of athletes in classical powerlifting at the stage of preparation for higher achievements. Material and methods. To achieve this goal we used theoretical analysis and generalization of data from scientific and methodological literature and the world information network Internet; documentary method; pedagogical observation; pedagogical experiment; methods of mathematical statistics. Based on the analysis of existing scientific knowledge and best practices, the need to find ways to improve training programs for athletes in classical powerlifting at the stage of preparation for higher achievements as one of the most important structural elements of athletes' athletic potential was substantiated. Results and discussion. As a result of the pedagogical experiment, there were significant differences in the performance of athletes of the control and experimental groups before and after the experiment in two of the four tests. Significant differences between the indicators of physical fitness of athletes in the control and experimental groups after the experiment were found in tests aimed at determining the level of development of strength capabilities. In two tests we found no significant differences between the indicators of the athletes of the experimental and control groups. Conclusion. The results of pedagogical experiment revealed reliable indicators of growth of physical fitness in three tests in athletes of experimental and control group. There were no reliable growth rates in both groups after the pedagogical experiment in the test "Running 30 m from a high start". The indicators of growth of physical fitness in the tests "Pull-up on the crossbar" and "Jumping from a place" in the athletes of the experimental group were higher than in the control group, which confirmed the higher efficiency of the author's powerlifters training program. Conclusion. Thus, planning load components in different groups of exercises in microcycles in accordance with their focus in the training of powerlifters in preparation for higher achievements allowed ensuring a sufficient level of adaptive shifts to increase athletes preparedness on the background of reducing the total annual load
The purpose of the paper is to determine the differences in the technique of body inrun position at the beginning of take-off in junior ski jumpers of different qualifications (athletic preparedness). Materials and methods. The study participants were 22 junior ski jumpers aged 14-15 (a group of junior ski jumpers) during the Ukrainian Ski Jumping Championship (October 9, 2010, Vorokhta, Ukraine) and 33 ski jumpers aged 16-17 (a group of senior ski jumpers) who took part in the international competitions “Lotos Cup” in January 2010. The study analyzed the videos of take-offs of 22 athletes aged 14-15 and 33 athletes aged 16-17. The parameters of ski jumping technique and sports results were processed on the basis of video materials of the first competition series. Results. There are significant differences (p < 0.001) in the mean values of corresponding parameters of the body position at the beginning of take-off. The data point to a tighter tuck of the body of the athletes aged 16-17. The structure coefficients of the first canonical discriminant function indicate that the function is most significantly related to the values of angles 10 (ν); 8 (ζ); 6 (θ): the inclination angle of the segment of the straight line passing through the axes of the hip and ankle joints (ν) towards the direction of the skier’s movement; the inclination angle of the segment of the straight line passing through the general center of body weight and the axis of the ankle joint (ζ) towards the direction of the skier’s movement; the inclination angle of the head towards the trunk (θ). The athletes aged 16-17 differ from the athletes aged 14-15 by the parameters characterizing the body’s tuck in the starting position – the position at the beginning of take-off. Conclusions. The unstandardized canonical discriminant function coefficients can be used to classify the levels of proficiency in the body’s tuck in the starting position – the position at the beginning of take-off in athletes aged 14-17.
The study objective is to reveal the interrelation between the types of preparation in the process of training athletes with disabilities in armports and powerlifting. Materials and methods. The study involved 54 coaches from fifteen Invasport regional physical activity and sports centers for people with disabilities. The study used: analysis and collation of scientific and methodological literature; sociological methods (questionnaires); methods of mathematical statistics. In order to determine the average indicators of demographic data on the respondents and the answers to quantitative questions, the study calculated the arithmetic mean (X) and the mean square deviation (σ). The statistical processing of the study materials was carried out using the Microsoft Excel 2010 software package and the Statistica 6.0 software. Results. The analysis of the respondents’ answers allowed to reveal nosological peculiarities of preparing athletes of various qualifications, which indicates the need to ensure high percentages of technical preparation and a specific approach to tactical preparation of athletes with disabilities in powerlifting and armsports. The study found that the interrelation between the types of preparation of junior athletes in powerlifting and armsports involves high percentages of physical and technical training. In the process of improving the athletes’ sports skills, the percentage of physical and technical training decreases, and the specific component of other types of preparation increases. Conclusions. The study has revealed the regularities of interrelation between the types of preparing athletes of various qualifications and has determined the recommended percentages of physical, technical, theoretical, tactical, mental, and integral preparation in the process of improving the athletes’ sports skills in powerlifting and armsports.
The objective is to determine the differences in the technique of the in-run position execution at the beginning of take-off by junior ski-jumpers of different qualification (sports training). materials and methods. The participants in the study were 22 junior ski-jumpers aged 14-16 (a group of junior skijumpers) performing during the Ukrainian Ski-Jumping Championship (October 9, 2010, Vorokhta, Ukraine). The correlation analysis thereof established the relations between the jump length and the angular parameters: in the ankle joint, knee joint, hip joint, and pelvis joint, which condition the positional relationship of the body joints and the position of the ski-jumper at the beginningof take-off. results. The study established the correlation relations between the jump length and the angular parameters that condition the horizontal positioning of the body. The correlation coefficient for the jump length at the inclination angle of the segment of the straigt line passing through the axes of the ankle and shoulder joints to the direction of the skier's movement is r=-0.563 (p = 0.006), and that at the inclination angle of the segment of the straight line passing through the general center of body weight and the axis of the ankle joint to the direction of the skier's movement is r= -0.355 (p = 0.105). conclusions. A position of lowly groupping at the beginning of the take-off allows to improve the sporting result. The study established the correlation between the jump length and the angle, particularly in the ankle joint, to be r= -0.2244 (p = 0.274), in the knee joint -r= -0.165 (p = 0.464), in the hip joint -r= -0.127 (p = 0.574). It determined the statistically reliable differences in the parameters of the body position at the beginning of the take-off on the jump ramp (p <0.05).
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