The creation of a high-tech competitive industry in the production of measuring and analytical equipment in Russia in a highly competitive environment is impossible without the development and implementation of innovative products. The vast majority of Russian enterprises invest their funds in the purchase of imported innovations instead of investing in creation of their own R & d/D (Research, Development and Engineering). Such path of development of Russian enterprises is seems / seems to be a dead end. One can observe a growing trend in the share of R & d/D expenditures on the global market. Nowadays the leading countries of the world industry such as the United States, China, Japan and Germany invest much bigger than over countries/invest in science more than over countries. Large-scale development and innovation implementation can be realised under creation of the system based on interconnected elements “industry-innovation-science-education”. Expansion and intensification of fundamental and applied research, improvement quality of teaching mathematics, physics and engineering disciplines in higher and secondary educational institutions are seemed to be necessary/seem to lead to better results. Large industrial Russian companies, leaders in certain sectors of industry with a powerful modern production infrastructure and huge financial capacity should act as a driving motive of the mentioned system. The state should provide support by means of legislative activity aimed to create an industrial and innovation policy providing production of innovative items which will be able to compete in high-tech segments of the world market.
Creation of an effective system for using information and telecommunication technologies (ICT) is one of the main factors to improve Russia’s competitiveness in the global market. The country’s leadership has developed a set of documents on strategic development in the field of information and telecommunication technologies (ITC) inter alia the "Strategy for development of information society of the Russian Federation for 2017-2030" dated 05/09/2017 No. 203. Russia currently is far from leading positions in the field of information and telecommunication technologies (ITC) in the world market [1]. To change the situation for the better, it is necessary to determine the factors impeded ITC development and take steps aimed to reduce the impact of such factors. Information and telecommunication technologies are developing according to certain market rules which have been formed for more than a decade in parallel with the development of society. The emergence of innovative products and services in the segment has formed modern society in developed countries [2]. First of all, the Internet creation has led to emergence of the new products: sites, portals, online stores, online games, social networks [3]. Second, many companies involved to that kind of activity were established: in the face of intense competition as a result of mergers, acquisitions, splits on the securities, market large players with rapidly growing capitalization appeared - Google, Microsoft Corporation, Facebook, AliExpress. Information and telecommunication technologies are a new stage in the development of modern civilization; its latest trend is based on the creation and using of innovative products in all aspects of its life [4]. Russia has no alternative. In order to improve competitiveness in the world market, it is necessary to efficiently and quickly produce and put into practice various information and telecommunication technologies.
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The relevance of this study is due to the fact that currently Russian educational system is ineffective and can't be an element in the innovative development of the country. According to the statistics of influential international rankings of competitiveness of the best universities in the world, higher education institutions of Russia do not occupy the highest places. Graduates of a secondary vocational school and higher education institutions in a number of specialties are not in demand in the regional labor markets. The teachers and lecturers' work is not paid enough and is unpopular among the potential profession representatives. After the introduction of a two-level system of higher education (bachelor course, master course), specialty, which is a five-year course of study, is still present in the education system. The author has analyzed international studies in the field of education reported by authoritative world organizations -PISA-2015, The Global Innovation Index, The Global Competitiveness Report, GCR WEF, Human Development Index, The Good Country Index, Times Higher Education (THE), QS World University Rankings. A number of shortcomings in the Russian education system have been identified.
Changes in housing construction entail a corresponding reaction of the real estate market especially with regard to residential real estate since developers have lost “free” funds of shareholders-natural persons. As a result of transition to project financing volume of housing construction has decreased by 14.8% in the Russian Federation over a recent year. Housing construction is characterized by zero and negative profitability in half of entities of the Russian Federation due to low solvency of its population, according to Expert RA Agency [1]. Banks do not provide developers with financial resources in such situation. To achieve success construction companies have to raise additional capital which can be obtained from the public debt market. Improvement of transparency and reliability in the construction industry under the ongoing reform, structurization of developers groups, formation of credit-rating dossier should attract investors’ attention to builders’ securities and reduce the size of risk premium which developers-issuers have to pay today. According to the authors, entering the securities market of 20-30 huge developers in the next 2-3 years will guarantee attraction of investment flows in housing construction in an amount of up to 40 billion rubles.
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