Este trabalho investiga a relação entre corrupção e composição dos gastos governamentais nos municípios brasileiros. Estudos anteriores, utilizando dados para países, apontam que a corrupção distorce a alocação dos recursos públicos, elevando os gastos com defesa nacional e diminuindo os gastos com saúde e educação. A partir de uma medida de corrupção criada a partir dos relatórios da ControladoriaGeral da União, os resultados de estimações por meio de mínimos quadrados ordinários indicam que nos municípios brasileiros ocorre um fenômeno diferente. Verifica-se uma relação positiva e significativa entre corrupção e gastos com educação e saúde. Esse fenômeno se deve primordialmente ao poder de discricionariedade das despesas municipais e das legislações vigentes no país, que exigem dispêndios mínimos com educação e saúde como percentual da receita dos municípios.Pal av r a s -c h av e : corrupção; composição de gastos governamentais; rent-seekers.
O objetivo do artigo foi investigar e analisar a percepção de uma amostra de contadores públicos brasileiros sobre a adoção das Normas Brasileiras de Contabilidade Aplicada ao Setor Público no Brasil, atualmente em processo de convergência com as normas da Internacional Federation of Accountants (International Public Sector Accounting Standards). A literatura consultada tem se concentrado em pesquisas quantitativas realizadas a partir das informações contábeis publicadas em prestações de contas junto aos Tribunais de Contas e repositórios do Governo Federal, não adentrando em analisar percepções dos profissionais de contabilidade envolvidos no processo. A teoria da contingência foi abarcada como lastro conceitual. O estudo é exploratório e de caráter descritivo, tendo sido coletados dados por meio de questionário eletrônico, utilizando o método de análise fatorial exploratória. A amostra contou com 168 respondentes. Os resultados indicam que há necessidade de mudanças organizacionais, estruturais, sensibilização da alta administração, de competência técnica-profissional e culturais nos segmentos de contabilidade e auditoria interna dos entes públicos brasileiros visando atender à convergência. Os achados contribuem também para o debate e reflexão sobre o processo de amadurecimento e busca de soluções para adoção de uma contabilidade pública que atenda as demandas de informações dos mais diversos grupos de interessados (internos e externos).
The study sought to apply the model developed by Gokhale et al. (2015) to identify the existence of overreaction and behavioral biases in the Brazilian stock market and analyze its performance as an investment strategy on the São Paulo Stock, Commodities, and Futures Exchange (BM&FBOVESPA) in the short term and long term, as well as test its robustness with time window simulations. The impacts of behavioral finance on capital markets can affect economic decisions, perpetuate or increase asset pricing anomalies, and in more extreme and persistent situations contribute to the formation of bubbles that can compromise the entire financial system of a country. The study pioneers an innovative methodology in the Brazilian stock market for identifying behavioral biases and obtaining abnormal returns and higher returns than the Ibovespa. The research uses the model developed by Gokhale, Tremblay, and Tremblay (2015) in three samples with quotations data for Brazilian publicly-traded companies that compose the Ibovespa and IBrA in the period from 2005 to 2016. With the R statistical software, the Fundamental Valuation Index (FVI) was calculated for each sample share and each year. From the FVI index, the undervalued shares were identified, indicating that the sales price does not reflect their economic fundamentals, and portfolio simulations were carried out for investment over three months or the next year. The results indicate the possible existence of overreaction and behavioral biases in the Brazilian stock market, which lead to the possibility of higher abnormal returns than those of the Ibovespa. Similar to the US market, at the end of the 2006-2016 period simulated portfolios yielded more than 274%, while the Ibovespa yielded approximately 80%. The robustness tests attest to the effectiveness of the model. The various investment portfolios, simulated over different time horizons, yielded more than the Ibovespa on average. The study also confirmed the assumptions of Gokhale, Tremblay, and Tremblay (2015) regarding the model's inadequacy for short-term strategies.
This research sought to analyze whether the opinion of government accountability of the municipalities of Rio de Janeiro by the Court of Accounts of the State of Rio de Janeiro (TCE-RJ), in the period from 2009 to 2015, considers the financial condition of these municipalities. The financial condition was measured based on the methodology created by the Canadian Institute Chartered Accountants and adapted to the reality of the Brazilian institutional and regulatory environment. Factor analysis was used to select and group the determinants of municipal financial health and the logistic regression analysis to assess whether the result of the opinion of the municipal accounts by the TCE-RJ considered the municipal financial condition. The results were conclusive in relation to the analysis of the accountability of municipal government accounts considering the financial condition factor that deals with the collection, as well as the opinion of the TCE-RJ indicated that it is related to the technical analysis of external control. It was not possible to conclude whether there is political influence from the governor in issuing the prior opinion of the plenary.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.