Background: A wound is a breakdown in the protective function of the skin or loss of continuity of epithelium, with or without loss of underlying connective tissues, muscles, nerves, bones following injury to the skin, surgery, a blow, cut, chemicals, heat, cold, friction, shear force, pressure or diseases such as leg ulcers or carcinomas. A study was undertaken to determine the healing properties of Aloe vera gel on epidermal wounds in rabbits.Methods: Twelve adult rabbits were divided into two groups randomly of six each representing the treatment and control respectively. A pair of wounds measuring 2cm x 2cm each was created on the back of each rabbit lateral to the spinal cord. The wounds were treated with homogenized Aloe vera gel while the wounds on control group were treated with normal saline. Wound contraction was measured on days 5, 9 and 12 representing the inflammatory, proliferative and maturation phases of wound healing respectively. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 for analysis.Results: Animals treated with Aloe vera gel had significantly (p<0.05) faster rates of healing with shorter days of scab fall off than the control and showed significant (P<0.05) changes in the packed cell volume, mean corpuscular volume, lymphocyte and neutrophil counts.Conclusions: The study concluded that Aloe vera was effective in treating epidermal wounds in rabbits over the control. An improvement occured in haematological profile of the experimental animals and these findings will go a long way in expanding the horizon of clinical application of this plant in solving wound healing problems in both humans and other animal species.
A wound is a breakdown in the protective function of the skin or loss of continuity of epithelium, with or without loss of underlying connective tissues, muscles, nerves, bones following injury to the skin. Wound healing is a survival mechanism and represents an attempt to maintain the normal structure and function. The capacity of a wound to heal depends partly on its depth, overall health, area of the body and nutritional status of the individual. This study presents an epidemiological survey of wounds on different parts of the body in horse presented at state veterinary hospital and Polo club, Ibadan, Nigeria. The data generated were analyzed demographically using descriptive statistics. Out of the total of 84 horses presented for wound cases at State veterinary clinic within this period, wound on the limbs had the highest prevalence of 57% (48), followed by wound on the head and neck with 21% (21), wound on the trunk with 11% (9) while the least prevalent was the wound on the udder with 7% (6). Wound on the leg was the most prevalent condition with 94.2 % (389horses), followed by wound on the head and neck with 2.9% (12), wound on the body with 2.4% (10) while wound on the underbelly was the least prevalent with 0.5% (2) out of the total of 413 horses presented at polo club, Ibadan. Limb wounds are often the most challenging to manage and commonly develop complications, such as the formation of exuberant granulation tissue that will prolong treatment, increase cost and worsen the prognosis.
Castration has been shown to elicit physiological stress, inflammatory reactions, pain-associated behaviour, suppression of immune function, and a reduction in performance to varying degrees. The responses to castration using Burdizzo were investigated in four male West African Dwarf (WAD) goats hourly over a period of 3 hours. The bucks were castrated with Burdizzo clamp, blood samples were collected by jugular venipuncture for biochemical, hematological and hormonal analyses. The hematological values showed significant decreases (P<0.05) in PCV, Hb, Rbc, neutrophil throughout the period, while the White blood cell count decreased significantly 1 hour post castration. Respiratory rate increased significantly (P<0.05) throughout the post castration period of study, while the rectal temperature significantly increasing (P<0.05) for just an hour post castration. Cortisol level rose significantly (P<0.05) throughout the study period. Testosterone and estrogen levels fell after an hour though non-significantly (P>0.05) but later rose significantly (P<0.05) during the second and third hour post castration. The serum biochemistry changes observed include a significant rise (P<0.05) in AST, ALT, urea and Creatinine after 1 hour upon castration, but the values later significantly decreased (P<0.05) after the 2nd and 3rd hours. The serum electrolytes increased significantly (P<0.05) an hour post castration when compared with the pre castration values and later decreased significantly (P<0.05) at the 2nd and 3 hours post castration in comparison to the 1st hour value. There was a non-significant (P>0.05) increase in heart rate 1 hour post castration before returning to the pre castration value. This study concluded that the effects of three hours post burdizzo castration on hematological and biochemical profile fluctuated significantly in all the values under study and this calls for clinical surveillance among surgeons when such animals are brought for surgery during the acute period of castration. Also, this study will make information available for clinicians and researchers.
Epidural anesthesia is commonly utilized in veterinary medicine to allow diagnostic, obstetrical, and surgical interventions caudal to the umbilicus in the perineal region of large animal. Addition of a vasoconstrictor to a local anesthetic has been shown to have several beneficial effects. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of lidocaine with epinephrine on physiological, haematological and biochemical parameters in pregnant West African dwarf goats. Four healthy pregnant goats were administered with lidocaine combined with epinephrine (4kg/ml) in the lumbosacral epidural space. Physiological parameters were taken at 30minutes intervals while the hematological and biochemical analyses were done hourly for 3 hours. There were decreases in the hematological parameters including Hb, PCV, RBCs, Neutrophil and platelets after epidural analgesia especially at second and third hours post administration. The glucose, sodium ion, potassium ion, chloride ion, bicarbonate ion increased significantly (P<0.05) at the third hour post administration while the urea and creatinine levels did not show any significant change. The heart rate decreased significantly (P<0.05) post administration of drugs when compared with the onset, respiratory rate increased while the rectal temperature showed a non-significant change. In conclusion, the combination of epinephrine and lidocaine solution for epidural anaesthesia provided a prolonged duration of action without any serious adverse effects in pregnant goats.
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