Bu çalışma, Early Sweet ve Trakya İlkeren üzüm çeşitlerinde, 3 farklı katı yetiştirme Perlit:Torf (2:1), Kokopit ve Pomza (Bazaltik Pomza), 2 farklı değiştirilmiş Hoagland besin çözeltisinin (A ve B) bitkilerin vejetatif büyümeleri yanında yaprakların besin elementi ve klorofil düzeyleri ile verim ve kalite özellikleri üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. İki çeşitte de farklı fenolojik zamanlarda ölçülen gövde çapları üzerine farklı ortam ve besin çözeltisi uygulamasının önemli bir etkisinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Üzümlerin olgunluk zamanında ölçülen SPAD değerleri bakımından yetiştirme ortamları arasındaki farklılığın önemli; besin çözeltileri arasındaki farklılığın ise önemsiz olduğu görülmüştür. En yüksek SPAD değerleri, Early Sweet' de aynı istatistiksel grupta yer alan Pomza (47.37) ve Perlit:Torf (46.32) ortamlarında; Trakya İlkeren çeşidinde ise Pomza (43.62) ortamındaki bitkilerde ölçülmüştür. En yüksek verim ve salkım ağırlıkları Early Sweet çeşidinde Pomza (sırasıyla 2066 g omca-1 ve 344.4 g); Trakya İlkeren'de Perlit:Torf (sırasıyla 1981 g omca-1 ve 495.1 g) ortamından elde edilmiştir. Her iki çeşitte de verim ve salkım ağırlığının B besin çözeltisi uygulaması altında daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Trakya İlkeren çeşidi yaprak örneklerinde azot (N), fosfor (P), potasyum (K) ve magnezyum (Mg) konsantrasyonları ortam ve besin çözeltisine göre farklılık göstermiştir. Tüm uygulamalarda kalsiyum (Ca)'un noksan; çinko (Zn), mangan (Mn) ve bakır (Cu) 'ın yeterli, Early Sweet'de ise N, P, Mg ve demir (Fe)'in fazla; K ve Ca'un noksan, Zn, Mn ve Cu'ın yeterli olduğu değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak topraksız üzüm yetiştiriciliği için uygun ortamın çeşitlere göre değişebileceği, B besin çözeltisi (makro element miktarını yüksek, mikro element miktarını daha düşük düzeyde içeren) kullanılmasının verim ve kaliteyi arttırdığı belirlenmiştir.
Horse which played important roles in history did not lose its old importance and value and is regarded as a sacred and noble animal. It was tamed in the steppe of Central Asia by Turks and was not used only for riding purposes by the migrant settlers in the region. Horse is known as a nutrition source (meat and milk) when necessary, a vital resource in the war time to make equipment from its skin, tail and mane hair, as a draught animal to carry the household from highland to lowland and vice versa by the migrant settlers, as a spanmate to the ox to tame the soil, and as an indicator of richness and economic power. Horse is also seen as a good friend protecting its owner in dangerous situations as seen in the proverb: "Horse is the wing of the humankind". Therefore, horse as a theme and character saving humans, is employed as a savior in many poems, stories, narratives, myths, fairy tales, legends, sagas and religious stories. It was also mentioned in many folk poetries. So, what is the importance of horse in contemporary life which has nearly no place for the migrant settlers' life? Is it an object to race in hippodromes to earn money or an object to carry the flag of a nation in the sports events? Does the horse receive the same attention as it was in the past or is it just an animal savior narrated in the fairy tales? The life of Kyrgyz people, one of the oldest Turkic clan, who have lived as migrant settlers till the beginning of the 20 th century and Kyrgyz poet Tölögön Mameyev's poems will be analyzed as a sample to understand the value and place of the horse to answer these questions, then the verses which include "horse" will be investigated to see which meaning it carried and Mamayev's approach to it.
Objective The aim of this study was to determine the nature of spontaneous regression of liver hemangiomas. Patients and methods The records of the liver hemangioma patients who attended the out-patient clinic between 1988 and 2018 were evaluated. The data of the 716 adult patients who were followed for at least 3 years with cross-sectional imaging were analyzed. Results Spontaneous regression was documented in 46 patients (6.4%). Twenty-eight patients had a single hemangioma (61%), eight (17%) had two hemangiomas; the other 10 patients had 3–6 hemangiomas. Of the 87 lesions in 46 patients, 69 actually regressed during the study. Twelve patients with more than one lesion exhibited discordant courses – one of the hemangiomas of a patient with multiple lesions regressed, whereas the other enlarged or remained stable. Eleven of the regressed hemangiomas exhibited enlargement first, followed by spontaneous regression. Fourteen (20%) of the regressed hemangiomas acquired atypical characteristics that would have suggested a malignancy had the original films been unavailable. Conclusion Spontaneous regression of liver hemangiomas is an underrecognized phenomenon. Enlargement should not be a straightforward indication for intervention because it may be followed by regression. A regressed hemangioma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of liver lesions suspicious for malignancy.
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