Aim: To determine the prevalence and to estimate factors associated with food hypersensitivity in young children of the Lviv region in Ukraine.Methods: A prospective cross-sectional survey study was conducted between 2016 and 2017 in the Lviv region of Ukraine. A specially designed questionnaire about food hypersensitivity of young children developed and validated by M. J. Flokstra-de Blok was used after translation into the Ukrainian language. The questionnaire included 34 questions, grouped into general and detailed information. Parents of children aged 0–3 years were asked to complete the questionnaire at pre-schools and medical institutions.Results: Among 4,500 distributed questionnaires, 3,214 (71%) were completed and processed. Parents reported that 25% of their young children had food hypersensitivity. According to the survey the most common agents involved in food hypersensitivity in young children were cow's milk (34%), egg (28%), and wheat (24%). Hypersensitivity to milk occurred in 50% of children in the age group of 1–2 years. Regional differences associated with food hypersensitivity were also found. Namely, in the Carpathians, there was more hypersensitivity to fish (27%) and honey (22%) than in other regions, while hypersensitivity to soy was detected mostly in Lviv City residents (8.5%). Unknown causes of food hypersensitivity were highly reported (34%) in the Carpathians.Conclusion: Prevalence and some distinctiveness of food hypersensitivity revealed in four geographic and climate zones as well as in Lviv City have a considerable practical use for formulation of recommendations for children with food hypersensitivity.
Introduction: Over the years, heart failure remains one of the most common and prognostically unfavorable conditions. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of complications in patients with CHF depending on the body weight and intoxication syndrome of varying degrees of severity. Materials and methods: A complete clinical examination was performed in 58 patients (41 (70.6%) men and 17 (29.4%) women) with CHF. In addition to the standard examination in accordance with the protocol, the level of endogenous intoxication was determined by the level of medium-weight molecules (MWM254) and leptin. The patients were randomized into 4 groups depending on their body mass index and the degree of endogenous intoxication. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the methods of variation statistics “Statistica 6.0”. Results: It was revealed that the worst survival rate is observed in patients with normal body mass against the background of the expressed endogenous intoxication syndrome, the best survival rate is observed provided that there are a normal body mass and endogenous intoxication of a minimum degree. An inverse correlation between the body mass index and the endogenous intoxication indicator (blood MWM) was detected. Patients with CHF should have their leptin level evaluated. An increase in its level was associated with arterial hypertension, an increase in blood glucose levels and lipid metabolism disorders. Conclusions: Increased level of blood MWM worsens the forecast of CHF. The unfavorable outcome was observed in patients with the combination of hypoleptinemia with severe endogenous intoxication.
Проблема алергічних захворювань у світовій педіатричній практиці залишається пріоритетною впродовж багатьох років [5]. З 2010 року, згідно з даними ВООЗ, поширеність алергічної патології набула рис епідемії та характеризується погіршенням її клінічної структури [6]. В Україні спостерігається тенденція до пізньої діагностики алергічних захворювань, зокрема атопічного дерматиту. Слід відзначити, що така ситуація зустрічається навіть у сім'ях, де реєструється обтяжена атопією спадковість [1]. Аналіз основних причин алергічної епідемії показав, що основними тригерними чинниками є вплив мегаполісів, погіршення стану довкілля, нераціональне харчування, стресові навантаження, безконтрольне застосування медикаментів, пасивне та активне тютюнопаління [3, 6]. Атопічний дерматит характеризується поліморфними змінами на шкірі, що зумовлює серйозні труднощі диференцііальної діагностики. Під час діагностичного пошуку клінічна практика потребує проведення диференціації не лише з іншими захворюваннями алергічного характеру (харчова алергія,
The article presents the data from recent literature and personal, practical experience of differential diagnosis of skin allergies in children. The difficulties detected at various stages of the disease diagnosis with the need for differentiation of allergic diseases (food allergy, atopic dermatitis, urticaria, insect allergy) and non-allergic genesis are: viral infections with skin lesions (herpes, chicken pox, measles, infectious erythema, hand foot mouth disease), bacterial infections of the skin (strep-and staphylodermia), and a group of other diseases (ichthyosis, scabies, psoriasis). It also should be mentioned that special emphasis on diagnosis belongs to food hypersensitivity, which combines immunological and nonimmunologic reactions. An example of the observation of 60 children with skin allergies shows the approach to the investigation of the diagnosis and the difficulties that arose during this. All children were ill for more than 3 months, and at the time of inclusion in the research, there were no identified causes of the disease. The diagnostic algorithm included three stages: clinical (detailed collection of complaints and anamnestic data), laboratory (general blood test, biochemical and coprological examination, determination of total IgE and specific IgE to gluten and different milk fractions, serological biomarkers of celiac disease) and instrumental. For 14 days before blood collection patients underwent an elimination test. 2 L. Besh et al. The results of the study showed that in the study group of children aged 1-5 years the main diagnosis was atopic dermatitis (36.84%), food allergy (24.56%), lactase deficiency (7.02%), helminthiasis (7.02%), streptodermia (5.25%), celiac disease (3.51%). The need for an individual approach to the laboratory-instrumental algorithm of skin allergies was described, and the results of our personal approach to the diagnosis were shown.
<abstract> <p>Diseases of respiratory tract in young children are often accompanied by the development of bronchial obstruction syndrome. Recurrent episodes of bronchial obstruction are a common problem in young children with respiratory disorders in neonatal period. The aim of our work was to test secondary prophylactic measures concerning development and progression of recurrent bronchial obstructive syndrome in young children, who had suffered respiratory disorders in neonatal period. Prophylactic complex included basic therapy (inhalation of glucocorticosteroids—fluticasone propionate or budesonide), administration of immunomodulating drug Ribomunyl and conducting of prophylactic vaccination in specialized inpatient department after prior preparation whith antihistamines.</p> <sec> <title>Objectives</title> <p>The feature of disease course was assessed based on the need of using drugs with symptomatic action, frequency of exacerbations, their mean duration and severity in 60 children, who had breathing disorders in neonatal period. Children were randomly divided into two groups. The study of efficacy of secondary prophylactic measures was conducted in 30 children (basic group) and in other 30 patients secondary prophylactic complex was not used (control group).</p> </sec><sec> <title>Methods</title> <p>Algorithm of secondary prophylactic complex included basic therapy involving inhalation glucocorticosteroids, administration of immunomodulatory drug Ribomunyl as recommended and conduction of planned prophylactic inoculations with the use of antihistamines.</p> </sec><sec> <title>Conclusions</title> <p>In children, who were administered secondary prophylactic complex was a positive dynamics in clinical picture and laboratory data.</p> </sec><sec> <title>Results</title> <p>Administration of secondary prophylactic complex enabled, to a certain extent, to prevent progression of bronchial obstructive syndrome and achieve a reliable increase in γ-INF, IgA, IgM, IgG levels and decrease in IL-4 (р < 0.01).</p> </sec></abstract>
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