Objective: To study factors that influence signs and symptoms related to stented ureter. Material & methods: This was a prospective-cross sectional study, from March 2014 to August 2014, to know factors that influence signs and symptoms of patients with ureteral stent. All patients were inserted ureteral stent participated in this study. Exclusion criteria were patients with malignancy, patients who had history of DJ stent placement previously, patients with bilateral DJ stents and patients with urinary tract infection. All patients completed IPSS questionnaire before inserted stents. After 1 month, when removal DJ stents performed, all patients completed IPSS, USSQ and VAS. All data was analyzed with Chi-square/fisher exact test, Pearson/Spearman correlation and Mann Whitney. Results: Fourty patients consisted of 23 man (57.5%) and 17 women (42.5%) completed this study. The mean age was 44.92 years old and length of stented ureter was 38.22 days. There was significance correlation between IPSS of DJ stent pre-insertion and post insertion (p < 0.001; r = 0.628). Of the patients reported dysuria (62.5%), frequency (55%), nocturia (52.5%), incomplete emptying (47.5%), hematuria (35%) and urgency (15%). On bivariate analysis, there was significance correlation between DJ stent position and frequency (p < 0.001), nocturia (< 0.001), urgency (p = 0.002), incomplete emptying (p = 0.049), dysuria (p = 0.030), hematuria (p = 0.026) and pain (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Previous urinary symptoms and DJ stent position were factors that influenced sign and symptoms related to ureteral stent insertion.
Objective: To compare effects of intravenous hydration, both with and without diuretics on the stone free rate of calyceal stones during ESWL. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 22 patients with calyceal stone, primarily treated with Sonolith Vision lithotripter, between June 2008 and October 2008. Patients were divided in 2 groups, the 11 patients in group 1 were injected with 500 ml normal saline for intravenous hydration, and 20 mg of furosemide for diuretic effect during ESWL; the 11 patients in group 2 were used as controls. The same energy settings for the shockwaves in one session were equally applied to all patients during ESWL, with a 1 Hz shockwave frequency, 100% power and 1000 shocks. After 2 weeks the stone free rate and residual fragments were evaluated on the post ESWL KUB and compared with the pre-ESWL KUB. Results: After a single ESWL treatment, the stone-free rate was 81,8% (9 of 11 patients) in group 1 and 63,3% (7 of 11 patients) in group 2. The stone free rates of group 1 was higher than that of group 2, but there was no statistical difference between groups 1 and 2. Conclusion: Intravenous hydration with normal saline with a furosemide injection for diuretic effect during ESWL would be same effective method to facilitate fragmentation and stone free of calyceal stones.
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