Palm shell is a waste from palm oil production which is shaped like a shell with a hard layer character that aims to protect the palm kernels. The addition of palm shells to concrete is an innovation and breakthrough in the more productive use of palm oil waste. In this study, the percentage of addition of palm shells was used, among others, 0%, 7% and 14% by weight of cement with variations in the cement water factor (FAS) of 0.35, 0.45 and 0.50. The test object used was a cube (15 x 15 x 15) cm with a total of 9 test objects for each FAS with a test time of 28 days. The results of the concrete compressive strength test obtained data for FAS 0.35, the average compressive strength for BTCS was 348.15 kg/cm2, BDCSA (7%) was 363.07 kg/cm2 and BDCSB (14%) was 302.90 kg/cm2. FAS 0. 45 the average compressive strength for BTCS was 292.59 kg/cm2, BDCSA (7%) was 303.20 kg/cm2 and BDCSB (14%) was 249.27 kg/cm2. FAS 0.50 average compressive strength for BTCS was 273.09 kg/cm2, BDCSA (7%) was 271.53 kg/cm2 and BDCSB (14%) was 219.47 kg/cm2. The test results show that the average concrete compressive strength is influenced by the cement water factor (FAS) and the percentage of addition of palm shells in the concrete mix.
Green construction is a sustainable concept in construction projects. The implementation stage plays an important role in the construction sector, because it has an impact on the environment. This study aims to determine the percentage of the application of the most dominant factors and constraints in the application of the green construction concept in project implementation. This research was conducted during the implementation of the Teuku Umar University Integrated Lecture Building project. The implementation phase of this research begins with a survey, to find out the construction implementation process, followed by interviews with workers, consultants, contractors. The results of the interviews were analysed using the Delphi method. The results show that Green construction in the implementation of the Teuku Umar University Integrated Lecture Building project has not been widely applied, with a weight value of only 10.2%. Constraints in the application of green construction based on the results of the questionnaire following the iteration obtained four obstacles, namely the lack of detailed rules regarding green construction, lack of socialization from the government regarding saving energy sources that support construction, lack of knowledge from contractors. about green construction, and the lack of knowledge and experience of contractors, green construction consultant.
Research objectives are to determine the effect of groundnut shell ash used as partial cement replacement on concrete compressive strength. Groundnut shell ash obtained from the combustion results and passed sieve No. 200. Design mix is 21.7 MPa, with different variation percentage of groundnut shell ash in the order of 0%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% and 12.5% as partial replacement of cement for mixes. Total of 60 concrete specimens with 150 mm in diameter and height of 300 mm and tested for compression and tensile strength in 14 and 28 days. The result according to variations percentages in compression strength test on average at the age of 14 respectively were 18.495; 19.250; 20.382; 22.647 and 20.005 MPa. Whereas 28 days respectively were 18.495; 19.250; 20.382; 21.703 and 22.741 MPa. The results in tensile strength at the age of 14 respectively were 2.218; 2.029; 1.746; 1.557 and 1.463 MPa and 28-day age concrete respectively were 1.934; 2.029; 2.123; 2.029 and 1.840 MPa. The highest compressive and tensile strength in days 14 were 22.647 and 2.218, and in days, 28 were 22.741 and 2.123. It was observe that the strength has increased and groundnut shell ash seems promising material in concrete production.
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