No abstract

Background:  Pancytopenia is characterised by a reduction in all the three cellular elements of blood (erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets) below the normal reference range leading to anaemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. It is a feature of many serious conditions. The present study was conducted to assess aetiology, clinical profile and bone marrow morphology of conditions presenting with pancytopenia.Methods: A two years cross-sectional study from July 2017 to June 2019 was conducted in the Department of Pathology. Total of 300 pancytopenia patient were studied and their clinical features, peripheral smear finding and bone marrow morphology were studied by using marrow aspiration and biopsy.Results: Among 300 cases studied, maximum patients were in the age group 11-20 years (19.66%) with male (50.66%) predominance. Most of the patients presented with weakness (91.66%) and fever (56.66%) as chief complains. The commonest physical finding was pallor (94%) followed by splenomegaly (27.33%). Macrocytic anaemia (43.66%) was commonest peripheral finding. The commonest cause of pancytopenia was megaloblastic anaemia (32.66%) followed by dimorphic anaemia (21%), aplastic anaemia (16%) and acute leukaemia (13.33%).Conclusions: The present study concludes that detailed clinical history, primary haematological investigations along with bone marrow examinations is essential to determine the cause of pancytopenia.

Introduction: WHO classification utilizes morphology, genetic information, immunophenotyping, biologic and clinical features to define specific disease entity. Although it gives an accurate detailed diagnosis, immunophenotyping by flow cytometry gives an immediate prompt diagnosis. Morphological diagnosis for leukemias may sometimes be not correlating with flow cytometry diagnosis. Study objectives were to correlate morphological and flowcytometric results of patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemias. Material and methods: Study was conducted in department of pathology. Cases were classified as Acute leukemia based on CBC, peripheral smear, bone marrow morphology, special stains cytochemistry and Flow cytometry Immunophenotyping. Categorization was done based FAB system. Results: Total 92 cases of AML were diagnosed on cytomorphology, cytochemistry and Flow cytometry were studied. Out of which M0 were 6.5%, M1-13%, M2-27.2%, M3-17.4%, M4-15.2% and M5 were 20.6%. There was 88% correlation between cytomorphology and flowcytometry. Conclusion: Interpretation of immunophenotyping by flowcytometry, done in close conjunction with morphology, is mandatory for appropriate diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia. However morphology combined with cytochemistry is also very helpful in the diagnosis of AML if facility of flowcytometry is not available.