Mycaperoxide H, a new cyclic norsesterterpene peroxide, was isolated from a Thai marine sponge Mycalesp. The structure of mycaperoxide H was deduced by spectroscopic and chemical analysis. Mycaperoxide H was cytotoxic against HeLa cells with an IC(50) value of 0.8 microgram/mL.
Hatchery-reared juvenile spotted babylon Babylonia areolata (mean initial shell length 12.8 mm) were cultured intensively to marketable size in three 3.0 3 2.5 3 0.7 m indoor canvas rectangular tanks. The duplicate treatments of¯owthrough and semiclosed recirculating sea-water systems were compared at an initial stocking density of 300 individuals m ±2 (2250 juveniles per tank). The animals were fed ad libitum with fresh carangid ®sh Selaroides leptolepis once daily. During 240 culture days, average growth rates in shell length and body weight were 3.86 mm month ±1 and 1.47 g month ±1 for the¯owthrough system and 3.21 mm month ±1 and 1.10 g month ±1 for those in the semi-closed recirculating system. Survival in the¯owthrough system (95.77%) was signi®cantly higher than that in the semi-closed recirculating system (79.28%). Feed conversion ratios were 1.68 and 1.96 for owthrough and semi-closed recirculating systems respectively.
This article examines the economic considerations involved in the production of spotted babylon (Babylonia areolata) in Thailand. A financial analysis of the construction and operating costs of a pilot commercial production of spotted babylon of marketable sizes is provided, based upon proven practical techniques and production data for a flow-through growout system. The investment required for a spotted babylon growout hatchery producing 990 kg per year is estimated to be US$4528.8. The annual cost of operating such a hatchery is estimated to be US $4624.1. The cost of producing 990 kg of marketable-size spotted bablyon with a survival rate of 95% is estimated to be US$4.91 per kg of snails produced. Cash flow analysis showed that a constant selling price of US$5.8 kg À1 results in positive cash flow by year 4. The proposed enterprise is marginally feasible if cost can be considerably reduced by targeting production and integrating hatchery and growout operations.
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