ABSTRAT Projects involving floristic-phytosociological surveys are becoming increasingly frequent and is a very important tool to access the biodiversity, status of succession, biomass and carbon storage, guiding conservation and management strategies. These studies are particularly important in Atlantic Forest, which is considered a hotspot in terms of biodiversity, endemism and impacts. São Paulo State lost more than 80% of original forest and, nowadays, remains only isolated patches with a variety stage of succession and history of use. The aim of this study was to characterize the structure, composition and biomass of the woody plant community in a Montane Ombrophilous Dense Forest, Serra do Mar State Park. All trees with DBH ≥ 4.8 cm were sampled in 1 ha plot area, totaling 1,704 individuals belonging to 38 botanical families and 143 species. The highest species richness was found in the Myrtaceae and Lauraceae families, and the greatest value of abundance and Importance (IV) was observed in the Arecaceae and Euphorbiaceae. The Shannon index (H’) was 3.7 nats.ind.-1 and the Pielou’s evenness index (J) 0.7, characterizing a very diverse community with heterogeneous distribution of individuals by species. The aboveground biomass was 166.3 Mg.ha-1, similar to others studies in Atlantic forests. The forest composition, biomass and the history of land use indicate a middle secondary stage of regeneration, but evolving to a more mature condition.

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Seasonal changes influence physiological metabolism in plants of Montane Rainforest in Brazil and it could be assessed and scaled up by photosynthesis and pigments contents. The results obtained at montane tropical rain forest are interesting and the conclusions about the relationship between air temperature, albedo and some physiological leaf traits are probably new ABSTRACT Seasonal variation of temperature could place physiological constraints on the distribution and performance of tropical forest plants, associated with light and water availability. A simple way to assess the relationship between temperature and plant physiology is through the characterization of leaf traits. The main aim of this study was to evaluate, through foliar parameters, the responses of plants to inherent seasonality. A 0.09 ha plot was installed near the flux tower and albedo sensors at Montane Ombrophilous Dense Forest (MODF)-Santa Virgínia Nucleus. At the peak of the dry and wet seasons, the electron transport rate (ETR) and photosynthetic pigments were measured. The results indicated that in MODF, cold and light availability are the main factors that could be influencing the physiology of species, demonstrated by high ETR in the wet season (197.4 μmol e-m-2 s-1) compared to the dry season (87.4 μmol e-m-2 s-1). Photosynthetic pigments varied between seasons, we observed higher chlorophyll b content (p<0.05), and lower content of carotenoids and xanthophylls (p<0.01) and Chl a/b (p<0.01) in the dry season. The low temperatures and irradiance influenced metabolic activity.

A transição da agricultura convencional para a agroecologia - um novo conceito de desenvolvimento rural - demanda mudanças progressivas. Esta prioriza as esferas: sociais, econômicas, ambientais e científicas. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar dois agroecossistemas por meio de indicadores agroecológicos de sustentabilidade. As áreas de estudo se localizavam na zona rural da região de Campinas e Jaguariúna, estado de São Paulo. As propriedades foram avaliadas com base em 63 indicadores e comparadas mediante gráficos de radar e teste Kruskal-Wallis. Os resultados mostram que a avaliação de aspectos em diversas áreas permite categorizar de forma mais precisa o estágio e a qualidade da produção no sistema. As propriedades estão em evolução na transição agroecológica, sendo que a Vila Yamaguishi possuiu um sistema mais estruturado.

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Aulas de Ciências incorporam uma motivação natural pelas vivências práticas que conduzem à investigação dos diversos aspectos da natureza. As atividades práticas contribuem para aproximar o conhecimento com as experiências vividas, além de despertar a curiosidade e o sentimento crítico. No entanto, a aplicação dessas atividades também envolve as condições de infraestrutura da escola e da própria dinâmica do experimento, idealmente optando por materiais acessíveis e não restritivos a grupos etários para maior viabilidade e visibilidade. Assim, propomos um experimento de Ciências sobre predação de frutos e de lagartas artificiais utilizando massa de modelar a base de cera. Buscamos sugerir uma alternativa prática de fácil obtenção e manipulação e com variada possibilidade didática.