This work considers the linear Lotka-McKendrick system from population dynamics with control active on individuals in a prescribed age range. The main results assert that given τ large enough (but possibly smaller than the life expectancy), there exists controls driving the system to any equilibrium state or any uncontrolled trajectory in time τ . Moreover, we show that if the initial and final states are positive then the constructed controls preserve the positivity of the population density on the whole time interval [0, τ ]. The method is a direct one, in the spirit of some early works on the controllability of hyperbolic systems in one space dimension. Finally, we apply our method to a nonlinear infection-age model.
We consider an infinite dimensional nonlinear controlled system describing age-structured population dynamics, where the birth and the mortality rates are nonlinear functions of the population size. The control being active on some age range, we give sharp conditions subject to the age range and the control time horizon to get the null controllability of the nonlinear controlled population dynamics. The main novelty is that we use here as a main ingredient the comparison principle for age-structured population dynamics, and in case of null controllability we provide a feedback control with a very simple structure, while preserving the nonnegativity of the state trajectory. Finally, we establish the lack of the null controllability for the linear Lotka-McKendrick equation with spatial diffusion when the control acts in a subset of the habitat and we want to preserve the positivity of the state trajectory.
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