The high prevalence of IA among medical students in Sohag University (47.7%) is a matter of concern. Identification of factors significantly associated with IA can help in the planning of comprehensive programs to raise public awareness about the hazards and determinants of IA targeting the high-risk groups.
Objectives:To determine the proportion of geriatric depression and factors associated with its occurrence among a sample of the elderly population in Sohag Governorate.Methods:A cross-sectional, community-based study was conducted from May 2016 to March 2017 with 1,027 elderly individuals (aged ≥60 years) living in Sohag Governorate, Egypt. A questionnaire was designed and included inquiries on socio-demographic variables (age, gender, and residence) and the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) to determine the outcome variable, the presence of depression, among the studied elderly population.Results:About two-thirds (62.7%) of participants suffered from depression. Regarding depression levels, 450 (43.8%) participants had mild depression with GDS-15 scores between 5 and 8, and 18.9% of participants had moderate depression, represented by GDS-15 scores between 9 and 11. No participants had severe depression. Applying logistic regression analysis, increased age, female gender, and living in rural areas were significantly linked to the occurrence of geriatric depression among participants.Conclusion:These findings highlight the need to introduce geriatric clinics into healthcare services and to provide counseling and psychiatric services, and to support high-risk groups and evaluate them regularly for early detection in order to positively impact their life quality.
Background: Internet use may have many drawbacks. Among the main threats caused by internet use is wasting time and lack of self-control over internet use, which amounts to the level of addiction with several deleterious consequences. Aim: The aim of the study is to identify the prevalence of internet addiction (IA) and associated factors among medical students in Sohag University, Egypt. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional survey was conducted in October 2016 and November 2016 on a random sample of 587 students selected from three medical faculties in Sohag University. The self-administered questionnaire consisted of two sections; the first section was concerned with collecting the sociodemographic data, data about student's relations and internet use characteristics; the second one aimed at assessment of the level of IA using Young's 20-item scale for IA. Results: The findings show that the prevalence of IA was 47.7%. Male sex, internet access on mobile phones, easy internet access at home, using internet for browsing social media and e-mail, and bad relation with the family were the most important predictors of IA. Conclusion: The high prevalence of IA among medical students in Sohag University (47.7%) is a matter of concern. Identification of factors significantly associated with IA can help in the planning of comprehensive programs to raise public awareness about the hazards and determinants of IA targeting the high-risk groups.
BackgroundPhenylketonuria (PKU) is considered to be a rare inborn error of metabolism but one of the commonest causes of mental retardation if untreated.ObjectivesThe present study was done to characterize the clinical patterns of PKU and analyze various neuropsychiatric outcomes in PKU children in Sohag Province, Egypt.Patients and methodsA prospective cohort study was conducted on 113 PKU patients, diagnosed during the period from 2012 to 2017, at the Pediatric Neurology Clinic of Sohag University Hospital, Upper Egypt. One hundred and ten cases were diagnosed based on clinical suspicion combined with laboratory confirmation by measuring their plasma phenylalanine levels using amino acid analyzer, while 3 cases were detected during neonatal screening. With the exception of the 3 cases detected during neonatal screening, all patients were clinically diagnosed and treated late. Psychometric evaluations of PKU patients were done using intelligence quotient (IQ, Stanford– Binet V), Childhood Autism Rating Scale, and Children’s Attention and Adjustment Survey. Dietetic management was applied. The results of neuroimaging (computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging of the brain) and electroencephalography were included when available.ResultsThe overall results showed that 15.9% had hyperphenylalaninemia, 35.4% had mild to moderate PKU, and classic PKU was diagnosed in 48.7%. Global developmental delay (54.9%) and delayed language (29.2%) were the most frequent presentations. Moderately impaired or delayed overall IQ was present in 77%. While, 83.2% had moderately impaired or delayed verbal IQ, autism was diagnosed in 50.4%. Super average and average probability of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder was diagnosed in 88.5%. Abnormal neuroimaging (white matter abnormalities and brain atrophy) was the most important significant predictor for poor language and motor developmental outcome (P<0.05).ConclusionPKU children had variable neuropsychological outcomes, mainly attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and impaired verbal IQ, both of which were not related to the initial phenylalanine levels or to duration of dietary therapy, but were significantly related to early dietary intervention.
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