Background: Raising awareness of women on danger signs during pregnancy is crucial for safe motherhood. In Ethiopia a country where maternal morbidity and mortality is high where little is known about awareness level of pregnant women on danger signs of pregnancy is used to enhance utilization of skilled care in low-income countries like Ethiopia. Objective: To determine level of awareness on danger signs of pregnancy and associated factors among ANC attendant mother in urban and rural health centres, in Diredawa, eastern Ethiopia. Methods and materials: Facility based cross-sectional study design was used to collect data. The study was conducted among a sample of 502 pregnant women in Diredawa administration town in selected health centres from Jan 1-Mar 30/2017. Sample size was determined by using double population proportion formulas. Simple random sampling technique was used to select six health centres, three from each urban and rural resident. Then systematic random sampling technique was used to select study subjects by considering both the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Pregnant mothers were interviewed face to face using pre-tested structured questionnaire. Data was checked for completeness, consistency and coded before data entry. Data entered, cleaned and analyzed using SPSS for windows version 20.0. Bivariate, multivariable logistic regression model were used to demonstrate the difference between study subjects' characteristics (independent variables) and level of awareness of danger sign of pregnancy. Results: Of all 502 (100%) respondents interviewed 121 (24.1%) mothers had good awareness of danger signs of pregnancy. Maternal age, educational status, place of most recent delivery, residents and danger sign causes problem or death to the mother were independently associated with awareness of women about danger sign of pregnancy. Conclusion: Three fourth of study subjects didn't have awareness about DSP. Maternal age, maternal education, place of most recent delivery, residents and danger sign causes problem or death to the mother were independently associated with awareness of women about danger sign of pregnancy. Thus, provision of information, education and communication targeting women, family and the general community on danger signs of pregnancy and associated factors was recommended.

Background Competence is defined as the ability to perform a task with desirable outcomes. Globally, an estimated 530,000 women and 2 million newborns die each year, because of no access to competent health professionals. But half of those deaths can be prevented with competent health professionals. However, the existing literature shows that most new graduates have a lack of competence in the clinical environment, none of them have assessed whether student or preceptor factors have an association with clinical competence or not. So, this study is crucial to fill data scarcity. Objective To determine the clinical practice competence and associated factors among midwifery and nursing students at Dire Dawa. Methods Institutional cross-sectional study was conducted on nursing and midwifery students from February 10/2020 to February 30/2020. Self-administered questionnaires were given to 318 students through a simple random lottery. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was done for variables with a p-value <0.2 in binary logistic regression. The odds ratio was used to measure the degree of association. Results Only 19.2% are clinically competent. Students who were oriented about assessment methods were 4 times more likely competent [AOR = 4.096 p-value 0.035]. Students who have staff encouragement and have preceptors were 5 times [AOR = 4.900 p-value 0.12] and 11 times [AOR = 11.052 p-value 0.00] more likely competent, respectively. Confident students were 4 times more likely competent [AOR = 4.460, p-value 0.005]. Conclusion The prevalence of clinical competence is very minimal. This is due to assessment methods orientation, staff encouragement, clinical preceptor support and students’ confidence. This finding contributes to the federal ministry of health should work closely with teaching institutions, health facilities, and other stakeholders to overcome those gaps.