In this study, we investigated the effects of the bank's profitability performance of electronic-based banking services. The effects of ROA and ROE performance were analyzed the data, which are 23 developed and developing countries' electronic banking services through 2005 to 2013, by dynamic panel data methods. Due to the innovative nature of electronic banking services will show the bank performance significantly. Both the analyzing method and involving of developed and developing countries' banking data are the most obvious differences of the study from similar studies in the literature. Result show that bank profitability of developed and developing countries affected from the ratio of the number of branches to the number of ATMs is highly significant and electronic banking services in significant. Results show that some variables were found to be in contrast to the expected negative relationship, because of diversity in the level of development of the countries, the socio-cultural structure and electronic banking infrastructure.

In this study, the interaction between internet banking and bank performance is investigated by panel causality tests. Banking data of 30 European countries analyzed by Demitrescu -Hurlin panel causality test for the period 2005-2013. ROA and ROE ratios were used as measures of bank performance. Not only whole sample consisting of Euro Area and the others but also Euro Area and the other countries in Europe considered as samples and tested two sub-samples. Results show that a strong relationship through internet banking to the bank performance in the Euro Area countries and for the rest of the Euro Area countries are also not determined causation significantly in both directions. On the other hand, there is also a significant relationship internet banking to performance of the bank considering the whole sample.

Electronic banking is a very popular aspect almost all over the world especially in the last few years. Banks make investment in this area in order to attract the attention of the customers. Therefore, it can be possible to survive in such a competitive environment. In the literature, it is also discussed that making investment into the technological aspects has an important contribution to the financial performance of the banks since it increases efficiency in banking operation. Similarly, in this chapter, the effects of electronic banking technologies on bank profitability and costs are investigated. The analyzes are performed with aggregated data from 23 developed and emerging economies covering the 2005-2015 period. The relationship between the electronic bank services and various performance and cost criteria such as ROE, cost to total income ratio, non-interest income, and overhead expenses to total assets ratio has been analyzed. The findings show that the increase in the use of electronic banking technologies has a positive impact on profitability and a negative impact on costs. Banks' investments in technological innovations improve both their productivity, product and service quality, and profitability performance. While considering the issues emphasized in this study, it can be recommended that banks should increase their investments for the technological improvement in order to have higher financial performance.

Dışa bağlılıkları giderek artan yükselen ekonomilerin, dış kaynaklı şokların etkilerine daha açık hale geldikleri görülmektedir. Bu tür şoklar genellikle finansal varlık ve emtia fiyatlarındaki artışlardan ileri gelir ve hassas ekonomik dengeleri olan küçük dışa açık ekonomileri derinden sarsabilirler. Yerel finans sisteminde çalkantılar, çıktı düzeyinde düşüşler, enflasyon ve işsizlik oranlarının artması gibi etkiler gözlenebilir. Merkez bankaları şoklara karşı genellikle faiz oranları ile müdahale etmektedir. Dolayısıyla dış kaynaklı makro ekonomik ve finansal şoklara karşı merkez bankası müdahalelerinin etkinliği giderek daha fazla tartışılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada basit bir Yeni Keynesyen model üzerinden küçük dışa açık bir ekonomi olan Türkiye'de şoklara karşı para politikalarının etkinliği sorgulanmaktadır. Clarida vd. (1999) modeli finansal istikrarı içerecek şekilde geliştirilmiş ve temel varsayımları bir SVAR modeli üzerinden sınanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular makro ekonomik ve finansal şokların güçlü karşılıklı etkileşimleri olduğunu göstermektedir. Finansal sistemin istikrarının en az fiyat istikrarı kadar önemli olduğu, merkez bankasının faiz oranları yoluyla çıktı düzeyi, enflasyon ve kredi açığını yönlendirebileceği belirlenmiştir. Ancak faiz oranlarının çıktı üzerindeki etkilerinin diğer değişkenlere oranla daha kısa sürdüğü saptanmıştır.

Empowerment is a modern management approach and according to the findings of the current national and international studies, it increases the job satisfaction of the employees and therefore their to