Background This study aims to examine potential disparities in scholarly performance based on sex, academic rank, leadership positions, and regional distribution of faculty in accredited Head and Neck Surgery fellowships in the United States. Methods Online faculty listings for 37 accredited fellowships were organized according to academic rank, leadership position, sex, and institutional location. Academic productivity was measured with three bibliometric indices: h‐index, m‐index, and the weighted relative citation ratio. Results A total of 732 faculty members were included, of which 153 (21%) were female. Fifty‐eight males (89.2%) held leadership positions, compared to seven females (10.8%). There was no significant difference in overall productivity between male and female senior faculty. There were regional differences in productivity by sex. Conclusions Females are underrepresented in senior faculty and within three common leadership positions, although scholarly productivity for male and female senior faculty and for those in leadership positions is similar.
Background Intranasal corticosteroid (INCS) sprays are indicated for use in the treatment of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis and include aqueous and nonaqueous formulations. Secondary symptoms of rhinitis include postnasal drip, facial pain/pressure, headache, cough, and ear fullness. The effectiveness of INCS on these specific symptoms, as well as the comparative effectiveness of aqueous and nonaqueous formulations, is poorly defined. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of aqueous versus nonaqueous INCS formulations on less common sinonasal symptoms. Methods A systematic review was conducted of English-language, randomized controlled trials, with adherence to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) standard. Studies that did not provide quantitative data on relief of postnasal drip, facial pain/pressure, headache, cough, and ear fullness were excluded. An itemized assessment of the risk of bias was conducted for each included study. Results Of the 118 studies identified, 9 met the criteria for qualitative analysis. An effect on postnasal drip was reported in 5 studies, facial pain/pressure in 2 studies, and cough in 2 studies. A reduction in a specific symptom was reported in about half of these studies, with heterogenous outcome measures. Only 1 study reported the effect of a nonaqueous formulation on a specific symptom. No studies reported an effect on aural fullness. Conclusions Limited data are available regarding the effectiveness of aqueous or nonaqueous INCS on secondary symptoms in adult patients with rhinitis. Further study is needed using homogenous outcome measures and direct comparison of INCS formulations.
ObjectivesHigh‐quality perioperative photography is imperative to good surgical planning in facial reconstructive and aesthetic surgery. We explore the utility of an add‐on smartphone telephoto lens to avoid the distortions noted in prior studies using smartphone cameras.MethodsStandard perioperative photographs of the same subject were taken with three distinct cameras using a dual‐ring light setup. The three camera setups iPhone 11 alone, iPhone 11 with the 58 Moment telephoto lens attachment, and a D3300 Nikon DSLR APS‐C sensor camera with a 60 mm NIKKOR F2.8G ED macro lens were compared using a 47‐question online survey consisting of demographic and image‐specific questions sent to plastic surgeons.ResultsForty‐nine facial plastic surgeons completed the survey. The iPhone 11 alone was identified as having the lowest quality for central/peripheral distortion (83%), columella/caudal septum/alar anatomy (58.3%), and skin quality (38.3%). With the addition of the telephoto lens, the ability to assess all categories was significantly improved. 53.1% (n = 26) of respondents found the iPhone 11 + 58 mm telephoto lens setup to be the most useful for perioperative surgical planning.ConclusionsSmartphone photography with the addition of a telephoto lens can offer a comparable option to the DSLR with regard to photo quality and detail.SummaryA telephoto add‐on lens is an effective solution to overcome the central distortion seen in images taken by the iPhone for perioperative photography. This photo quality was found to be comparable to that of traditional DSLR cameras in our survey study.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 133:2590–2596, 2023
Purpose of review To provide an overview of recently published articles covering melanoma management of the head and neck region. Recent findings Melanoma management represents a rapidly evolving field. The advent of immunotherapy has led to significant changes in diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance for these patients. Invasive interventions including completion lymph node dissection have been largely replaced with increased surveillance driven by robust data showing no significant difference in overall survival. Studies have explored various treatment regimens that offer improved outcomes with the least adverse events, with a recent trend towards neoadjuvant therapy. Research has also shifted towards better understanding genetics and biomarkers that influence response to these medications. The best means to both identify and monitor these changes is being explored. As our understanding of this complex disease process continues to grow, prognosis in patients suffering with melanoma should continue to improve. Summary The expansion of immunotherapy use in melanoma management has led to significantly improved prognosis in diagnosed patients. Present research is largely focused on better understanding the ideal patient populations, dosing, and surveillance for these therapies. Data from these studies will be crucial in better staging and treating patients with melanoma.
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