Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for progression of periodontitis, which effects on the incidence, extent and severity of the periodontal disease and no other known factors can be harmful as much as smoking to the periodontal tissues. The purpose of this study was to determine clinical and histopathological effects of smoking on free gingiva in smokers and non-smokers with chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Biopsies were obtained from palatal gingiva of first and second molar of 72 patients with chronic periodontitis (36 smokers and 36 non-smokers). These samples were sent to the pathologic laboratory for microscopic examinations, and then the data were analyzed by SPSS version 21. Results: Histopathological examination showed that smoking increase the thickness of the outer and inner epithelium of free gingiva, Collagenized connective tissue, and CAL; and decrease the vascular density. Conclusion: It seems that the reduction of the clinical signs of inflammation in the gingival tissue of smokers are because of changes in gingival epithelium and connective tissue due to smoking.
Introdouction:Implants are considered to be a useful treatment for the replacement of lost teeth. Although the success rate and durability of implants are high, the prevalence of peri-implantitis is high as well. The purpose of this study was to analyze the knowledge of general practitioners in the city of Rasht in Northern Iran regarding peri-implantitis and its treatment.
Materials and methods:This descriptive, cross-sectional research was conducted among general practitioners working in the city of Rasht. They were asked to fill out a questionnaire, which included two parts of personal information; and their knowledge about the peri-implantitis disease.
Results:Of 100 general practitioners who filled out the questionnaires, between 23-88 % answered correctly with a mean of 54.1%. The knowledge of 6% of dentists was poor, 74% average, and 20% good. There was no meaningful connection between age, sex, and job experience of the dentists and their knowledge of peri-implantitis diseases.
Conclusion:The rate of dentists' knowledge in the city of Rasht regarding peri-implantitis diseases and their knowledge of treatment were average. Thus, continuous training sessions and workshops regarding peri-implantitis diseases are suggested for their improvement.
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