Coffea arabica, Coffea canephora (robusta) and monsooned malabar are the three types of coffee which are well known and used by most of population in India and all over the globe. For consuming coffee various brewing methods are used worldwide, French press, Espresso, Turkish coffee, being the common. Eleven brewing methods are introduced in the paper for brewing of green coffee, some of which are common for brewing tea. Among all the mentioned brewing methods, Decoction method showed the best results, as maximum amount of Flavonoids and Phenols were found to be present in green coffee arabica, values being 69.24 mg QE/g of coffee and 108.67 mg QE/g of coffee respectively, whereas, for Original Research Articlerobusta it was found to be 47.47 mg QE/g of coffee and 93 mg QE/g of coffee respectively. Brewing time is also considered as one of the major factors for coffee brewing, as if the time is too short, all the flavours will not dissolve and if too long, it may dissolve undesirable components as well. An increasing trend was seen in flavonoid and phenolic content in both arabica (TPC up to 84.11 mg QE/g of coffee) and robusta (TPC up to 78 mg QE/g of coffee) along with monsooned malabar (TPC up to 84.88 mg QE/g of coffee) with increase in brewing time. Another factor considered is the solvent used for brewing. A comparison was made between water and alcohol. Both the coffees, green and roasted showed a significant difference in the values when brewed in ethanol and in water. Results indicate that the brewing methods given may be used along with a variant brewing time depending on its phenolic content. Also, green coffee can be proved a boon with more health benefits as compared to roasted one.
Nanoparticles are in increasing commercial demand due to their wide applicability in various areas such as catalysis, chemistry, energy and medicine. Green chemistry is the best option to opt for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Agaricus bisporus and Acorus calamus are used medicinally in Ayurvedic medicines. The present work conducted endeavored to determine antioxidant activity of the extracts made. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by using an aqueous extract of Acorus calamus & Agaricus bisporus. They were characterized by using UV spectrophotometer, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Plant extracts were incubated with Silver Nitrate Solution (AgNO 3 ) and the color change was observed as dark reddish brown. The presence of Ag nanoparticles was analyzed between the wavelengths 400-550 nm. SEM & TEM determined the size of the nanoparticles determined by SEM Original Research Article
Brain tumors are caused by the growth of abnormal cells inside the Brain. Brain tumor can be classified as Benign (non cancerous) and malignant(cancerous). Malignant brain tumors usually grow rapidly when compared to benign tumors, and aggressively spread and affect the surrounding tissues. Detection of tumor in brain can turn out to be cumbersome, owing to the complex organization of the Brain. The cost of making an error in Identifying a Malignant Tumor from a Benign Tumor is too high. At a time, when cases of Brain Tumors are growing, mostly among people of age between 65 and 79, but not just confined to that age bracket, we can take advantage of the advancement in the field of technology and accurately identify tumors and help save lives.
Coffee is known to be one of the popular beverages today on the globe. Due to its easy availability and preparation, it is consumed by the population of almost all countries. This wonder crop was discovered in the 6th century in Ethiopia. Since then, people have also used various brewing methods to extract hundreds of the bioactive compounds present in these aromatic seeds. No doubt, excessive consumption of the same can be harmful too. As a functional food, coffee is known to have multiple health benefits. Coffee beans contain vitamins, minerals, caffeine, chlorogenic acid, and various other biologically active ingredients. This review briefly describes the major biologically active compounds present in these seeds – caffeine, trigonelline, diterpenes, and chlorogenic acid (CGA). It also aims to describe various bioactive activities such as antioxidant, antiproliferative, antibacterial, antiviral, etc., against variable hallmarks. Thus, explaining different pharmacological effects for the welfare of the human population.
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