Nilaparvata lugens, called as brown planthoppers (BPH), is one of the important pests on rice. To identify the origin of Korean N. lugens, we completed the mitochondrial genome of N. lugens captured in Guangdong province, China. The circular mitogenome of N. lugens is 17,606 bp including 13 proteincoding genes, 2 rRNAs, 22 tRNAs, and a single large non-coding region of 2,424 bp. The base composition was AT-biased (89.5%). Ninety single nucleotide polymorphisms and ten insertions and deletions are identified by comparing with Korean N. lugens. Phylogenetic trees present that Guangdong may not be an origin of Korean BPH based on the distance of two mitochondrial genomes.
Nilaparvata lugens is one of important pests of rice causing severe damagein early September in Korea after migrating from China. We completed mitogenome of N. lugens captured in Korea. The circular mitogenome of N. lugens is 17,610 bp including 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNAs, 22 tRNAs, and a 2424-bp-non-coding region. The base composition was AT-biased (89.5%). 112 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 59 insertions and deletions are identified by comparing with Chinese N. lugens. Phylogenetic trees presented an incongruence of topology in N. lugens clade, suggesting a need for further analyses to classify biotypes based on complete mitochondrial genomes.
Nilaparvata lugens, called as brown planthoppers (BPH), is one of important pests on rice. To identify the origin of Korean N. lugens, we completed mitochondrial genome of N. lugens captured in Guangdong province in China. The circular mitogenome of N. lugens is 17,606 bp including 13 proteincoding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNAs, and a single large non-coding region of 2424 bp. The base composition was AT-biased (89.5%). 90 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 10 insertions and deletions are identified by comparing with Korean N. lugens. Phylogenetic trees present that Guangdong BPH may not be an origin of Korean BPH based on distance of two mitochondrial genomes.
Sogatella furcifera Horvath, commonly known as the white-backed planthoppers (WBPH), is an important pest in East Asian rice fields. Fungal endosymbiosis is widespread among planthoppers in the infraorder Fulgoromorpha and suborder Auchenorrhyncha. We successfully obtained complete mitogenome of five WBPH fungal endosymbionts, belonging to the Ophiocordycipitaceae family, from next-generation sequencing (NGS) reads obtained from S. furcifera samples. These five mitogenomes range in length from 55,390 bp to 55,406 bp, which is shorter than the mitogenome of the fungal endosymbiont found in Ricania speculum, black planthoppers. Twenty-eight protein-coding genes (PCGs), 12 tRNAs, and 2 rRNAs were found in the mitogenomes. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms, two insertions, and three deletions were identified among the five mitogenomes, which were fewer in number than those of four species of Ophiocordycipitaceae, Ophiocordyceps sinensis, Hirsutella thompsonii, Hirsutella rhossiliensis, and Tolypocladium inflatum. Noticeably short lengths (up to 18 bp) of simple sequence repeats were identified in the five WBPH fungal endosymbiont mitogenomes. Phylogenetic analysis based on conserved PCGs across 25 Ophiocordycipitaceae mitogenomes revealed that the five mitogenomes were clustered with that of R. speculum, forming an independent clade. In addition to providing the full mitogenome sequences, obtaining complete mitogenomes of WBPH endosymbionts can provide insights into their phylogenetic positions without needing to isolate the mtDNA from the host. This advantage is of value to future studies involving fungal endosymbiont mitogenomes.
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