To investigate the prevalence of, and risk factors for, cervical infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) in Shenyang City, People's Republic of China, we interviewed and obtained cervical cell samples from 685 women aged 15 -59 years enumerated from local population lists. Human papillomavirus DNA was detected in cervical cell samples using a GP5 þ /6 þ -based PCR assay for 44 HPV types. Human papillomavirus prevalence was 16.8% overall and 13.6% among women without cervical abnormalities (16.6% and 12.4%, respectively, age-standardised to the world standard population), with no significant trends in HPV prevalence by age group. Of the 32 types identified, high-risk HPV types predominated in all age groups, HPV16 being the most common (3.4% of all women), followed by HPV52 (2.5%) and 58 (1.9%). Multiple-type infections accounted for 31.3% of all infected women. Not being married, reporting multiple sexual partners and husband's extramarital sexual relationships were all significantly associated with being HPV-positive. The disclosure of a relatively high HPV prevalence in Shenyang, in comparison with other worldwide populations, raises important questions concerning the prevention of cervical cancer in China, especially given the promising efficacy of prophylactic HPV vaccines.

Maxillary hypoplasia in cleft lip and palate is a complex deformity. Despite surgical improvements, postoperative relapse persists. This systematic review was performed to determine the mean horizontal relapse rates for the surgical techniques used to treat maxillary hypoplasia: Le Fort I osteotomy with rigid fixation, Le Fort I distraction osteogenesis, and anterior maxillary distraction osteogenesis. This study followed the PRISMA statement. The PubMed, Embase, Science Direct, and Web of Science databases were searched through to June 2018. Studies on non-growing cleft lip and palate patients who had undergone one of the three surgical procedures and who had postoperative horizontal maxillary changes assessed at >6 months post-surgery were included. Stata SE was used to estimate pooled means, heterogeneity, and publication bias. The search strategy identified 326 citations, from which 24 studies were selected. Relapse rates following Le Fort I osteotomy with rigid fixation, Le Fort I distraction osteogenesis, and anterior maxillary distraction osteogenesis were 20%, 12%, and 12%, respectively. Relapse rates with and without bone grafting were 19% and 66%, respectively. The relapse rate following distraction osteogenesis with internal distraction was lower than that with external distraction. Study limitations were heterogeneity, which was above moderate, the low number of high-quality studies, and unidirectional assessment of postoperative maxillary movement.

This retrospective cohort study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nedaplatin plus paclitaxel (NP) compared with carboplatin plus paclitaxel (CP) in platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer. Patients with histologically proven epithelial ovarian cancer with recurrent interval ≥6 months after finishing platinum-based therapies between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2014 were investigated. Patients received an intravenous infusion of NP (nedaplatin 80 mg/m 2 plus paclitaxel 175 mg/m 2) or CP (carboplatin at an area under the curve of 5 plus paclitaxel 175 mg/m 2) protocols every 3 weeks for at least 6-8 cycles or until disease progression. Primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS); secondary end points were toxicity and overall survival (OS). 436 patients were included in the study, containing 241 cases receiving CP regimen and 195 cases receiving NP regimen, who were all contained in safety analysis. Because of 61 patients with unbearable toxicity and poor compliance, 375 patients were finally included in the efficacy analysis. With median follow-up of 63.5 months, PFS was 11.0 months with NP regimen versus 9.5 months with CP regimen (P=0.109). Subgroup analysis indicated that PFS of the NP arm was statistically superior to the CP arm when recurrent interval was 6-12 months (P=0.048); median PFS was 10.0 versus 8.0 months, respectively. There was no significant difference in overall survival between two groups. More frequent grade 3-4 neutropenia (13.3% vs 33.6%), thrombocytopenia (5.6% vs 14.5%) and hypersensitivity reactions (5.6% vs 21.9%) were observed in CP arm (P<0.01). Compared to the CP, NP regimen did not improve 5-year overall survival in platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer, but it had better tolerance. NP obtained significant benefit in progression-free survival when the recurrent interval was between 6 and 12 months, although the efficacy of two regimens were similar when the recurrent interval ≥12 months.

Background: Ceritinib is a highly selective ALK inhibitor that has been shown potent antitumor activity against ALK-positive nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We conducted a multicenter singlearm phase II study to assess the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant therapy with ceritinib followed by surgery in patients with ALKpositive resectable locally advanced (LA) NSCLC. Method: Three cycles of ceritinib were administered as induction therapy. The drug was administered orally at the dose 750 mg once daily for 28 days per cycle. The primary endpoint was the major pathological response rate (mpRR). This study required 19 patients, with mpRR of 15% considered non-promising and 45% promising (one-side alpha ¼ 0.025; beta ¼ 0.2). Biomarker analyses using pre-and postceritinib through next-generation sequencing (NGS) of plasma and tissue is also planned. (Trial Identifier, UMIN000017906). Result: A total of 395 patients with LA-NSCLC were screened from March 2015 to March 2018 and 15 patients (4%) were identified as ALKpositive. Only 7 patients were enrolled because of slow accrual. The median age of the patients was 50 years and 71% (n¼5) were male. All patients had stage IIIA disease and adenocarcinoma. 6 out of 7 patients completed three cycles of neoadjuvant therapy with ceritinib as planned, 71% (n¼5) of patients required dose adjustment. One patient was withdrawn from the study because of hepatitis. The objective clinical response rate was 100%. Surgical resection was performed in 6 patients, and complete (R0) resection was achieved in 5 patients. Among the 7 evaluable patients, the mpRR was 57% (95% CI, 18 to 90); 4 patients achieved mpR and 2 patients achieved pathologic complete response. With a median follow-up of 10 (range 8-33) months, 1 patient died of disease progression and 6 patients remain alive, including 4 patients who are recurrence-free. The most common toxicities were gastrointestinal toxicities. Conclusion: Our results showed that neoadjuvant ceritinib is safe and effective, with a high rate of pathologic response, in patients with ALK-positive resectable LA-NSCLC, although the limitation of the data interpretation due to small sample size.

No abstract