Character association and path analysis in twenty genotypically diverse indigenous genotypes of garlic (Allium sativum L.) were studied at the Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture, Srinagar during the years 2010 and 2011 for nine important characters. Total bulb yield showed positive and significant genotypic and phenotypic associations with plant height, number of leaves per plant, pseudo-stem length, bulb weight and number of cloves per bulb, indicating that selection based on these traits will help increasing the yield of garlic. Path coefficient analysis provides an effective means of a critical examination of specific force action to produce a given correlation and measure the relative importance of each factor. In this analysis bulb yield was taken as dependant variable and rest characters were considered as independent variable. Bulb weight showed high positive and direct effect and significant positive correlation with total bulb yield. Therefore, bulb with higher weight should be considered in selection criteria for increasing the total bulb yield and emphasis should be given for selecting the genotypes with higher bulb weight. Overall path analysis indicated that direct effect of bulb weight and equatorial bulb diameter and indirect effect of plant height, number of leaves per plant, pseudo stem length, polar bulb diameter, equatorial bulb diameter, number of cloves per bulb and average weight of 50 cloves should be considered simultaneously for amenability of total bulb yield. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v11i1.18374 SAARC J. Agri., 11(1): 45-52 (2013)
Background: Brain tumors are the second most common childhood malignancies, after hematologic malignancies and are the most common pediatric solid organ tumor. External Ventricular Drain (EVD) is indicated for management of infection, intra ventricular hemorrhage, intra cranial pressure monitor or after tumor excision. Aim: This study aimed to assess nurses' performance regarding external ventricular drain among children with brain tumor. Design: A descriptive design was used. Setting: Inpatient Departments and Surgical Intensive Care Unit at Children Cancer Hospital Foundation in Cairo, Egypt (57357). Subject: A purposive sample included 100 nurses out of total number 152 nurses who work in the previously mentioned setting. Tools: Two tools were used; interviewing questionnaire sheet and observational checklist. Results: Most of studied nurses were females and also more than two thirds of them have competent practices. Moreover, there was a highly statistical significant difference between both nurses' total knowledge and total practice and their age and years of experience. Conclusion: Slightly more than two thirds of studied nurses have unsatisfactory knowledge while more than three quarters of them were competent in caring of EVD among children with brain tumor. There was no correlation between nurses' total knowledge and their total practices regarding care of EVD among children with brain tumor. Recommendations: Development of educational guidelines based on evidence-based nursing practices to promote excellence of nursing care and provides high-quality patient care regarding children with EVD.
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